Motorcycle exhaust particulates (MEP) contain carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons including benzo(a)pyrene. This study has determined the ability of MEP to alter the expression of select genes from drug metabolism, cytokine, oncogene, tumor suppressor, and estrogen signaling families of human lung adenocarcinoma CL5 cells. cDNA microarray analyses and confirmation studies were perform...

Passenger cars are the primary means of transportation in Europe. Over the past decade, a great deal of attention has therefore been paid to reducing their emissions. This has resulted in notable technical progress, leading to unprecedentedly low exhaust emissions. In the meantime, emissions from motorcycles have been ignored due to their subordinate role in traffic. Even though the motorcycle ...

This study is to find out how the diameter of throttle body 22mm, 24mm, and 26mm. Regarding torque, power, exhaust emissions on Beat-PGM FI 110 cc motorcycle in 2014. was done as an effort improve engine performance. uses experimental approach. Data retrieval directly from motorcycles which measured torque power using a dynamometer, well gas analyzer aims test resulting testing each type body. ...

Installing a catalytic converter in the exhaust is typical method of reducing engine emissions. Catalytic converters have been shown to lower pollutants while enhancing performance. The influence number brass catalyst plates (Cu-Zn) on Performance commercial Yamaha Jupiter MX motorcycle manufactured 2007 was investigated this study. installed motorbike exhaust, with varying between 5 and 8, con...