INTRODUCTION Low fetuin-A and vitamin D and high monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) contents are associated with vascular calcification (VC) in dialysis patients. We aimed to demonstrate the difference in fetuin-A, vitamin D, MUFA, and VC on plain radiography between patients on hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis (PD). MATERIALS AND METHODS We recruited 31 hemodialysis and 30 PD patients. We...

BACKGROUND Diabetic patients have a higher risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), the main enzyme responsible for producing monounsaturated fatty acids(MUFA) from saturated fatty acids, is frequently deregulated in both diabetes and CRC. The function and mechanism of SCD1 in metastasis of CRC and its relevance to glucose remains largely unknown. ...

Controversy exists about the optimal amount and source of dietary carbohydrate for managing insulin resistance. Therefore, we compared the effects on insulin sensitivity (SI), pancreatic responsivity (AIRglu) and glucose disposition index of dietary advice aimed at reducing the amount or altering the source of dietary carbohydrate in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Subjects were...

BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to describe the intake of macronutrient, especially fatty acids, and explore their possible effect on diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS In this case-control study, we included a total of 146 patients with DR and 148 without DR. The intake of macronutrient was evaluated using a validated food frequency questi...

Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) is a key protein involved in the reverse cholesterol transport pathway. The regulation of CETP by dietary fats is not clearly understood. Transgenic mice expressing human CETP under the control of its natural flanking region were fed low- or high-fat diets enriched in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) or saturated fatty acids in the presence or absenc...

During atherogenesis, a pathological accumulation of lipids occurs within aortic intimal macrophages through uptake of plasma oxidised LDL (oxLDL). The aim of the present study was to determine whether macrophage uptake of plasma oxLDL and LDL susceptibility to oxidation may be determined by quantity and quality of dietary fat. Twenty healthy young men were subjected to three dietary periods, e...

There is evidence from a population-based study of an inverse relationship between monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) energy intake and age-related cognitive decline (ARCD), while high polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) intake was positively associated with cognitive impairment in elderly subjects. We investigated the possible role of MUFA and PUFA on age-related cognitive changes. A population...

BACKGROUND Results of 6-wk studies suggest that high-carbohydrate diets are deleterious for people with type 2 diabetes. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to see whether long-term replacement of dietary monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) with carbohydrate from breakfast cereals with either a high or a low glycemic index (GI) affected blood glucose and lipids in subjects with type 2 diabetes. DES...

In order to investigate the role of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) in the cholesterolaemic response to dietary fats, we analysed plasma lipid profiles of CETP-transgenic and control C57BL/6 mice fed standard chow (AIN-93G; AIN), a low-fat diet, and diets high in butter (saturated fatty acids; SFA), high-oleic acid safflower oil (monounsaturated fatty acids; MUFA), and safflower oil (...

Dietary fatty acids play a role in glucose homeostasis. The aim of this study was to assess the individual relationship between dietary saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acids with postprandial β-cell function and insulin sensitivity in subjects with normal and high fasting triglycerides. We assessed postprandial β-cell function (by the insulinogenic index...