OBJECTIVE To evaluate the resistance pattern of tuberculosis cases. METHODS A descriptive study was done in two out patient referral clinics from January 1999 to March 2003. All TB cases that had cultures positive for mycobacterium tuberculosis were evaluated. RESULTS Data from 71 proven culture positive patients was available. Resistance to at least one antituberculous drug was found in 44...

this study was planned to determine hiv seroprevalence among pulmonary tuberculosis patients, to characterize the isolated mycobacteria into typical and atypical strains and to evaluate the drug resistant pattern of mycobacterial isolates. the study aims to correlate multidrug resistance (mdr) and hiv seropositivity status in pulmonary tuberculosis patients. during the year 1994-1997, 750 pulmo...

conclusions this study represented an increasing rate of mdr p. aeruginosa in burn and wound samples. efflux mexab genes were detected in all mdr and pdr strains. the p. aeruginosa strain isolated from burn cases showed higher drug resistance and pdr resistance was only noted in a burn sample. materials and methods one-hundred and fifty p. aeruginosa were isolated from burn and wound infections...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Rise in prevalence of multi-drug resistance (MDR) in tubercle bacilli is a serious cause of concern. As mutations with two house keeping genes rpoB and katG are associated with resistance to two important anti-tubercular drugs rifampicin and isoniazid respectively, there is a need to understand the growth kinetics of organisms with such mutated genes in experimental anima...

BACKGROUND Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR) is emerging as major challenge facing tuberculosis control programs worldwide particularly in Asia and Africa. Findings from different studies on associations of HIV co-infection and drug resistance among patients with TB have been contradictory (discordant). Some institution based studies found strongly incr...

Executive summary South Africa is one of the 22 highest tuberculosis (TB) burdened countries globally and the occurrence of laboratory-confirmed multi drug resistant TB (MDR–TB) and extensively drug resistant TB (XDR-TB) has long been recognized in South Africa. A drug resistance survey (2012-2014) to quantify and delineate the extent of drug resistance in new and retreatment TB patients nation...

The emergence of pre-extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (pre-XDR-TB) is a threat to TB control programs in developing countries such as Zambia. Studies Zambia have applied molecular techniques understand drug-resistance-associated mutations, circulating lineages and transmission patterns multi-drug-resistant (MDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, none has reported genotypes mutations a...

Background and Purpose: Candida albicans (C. albicans) is an opportunistic fungus that can colonize women’s mucosal epithelial cell surfaces, causing vulvovaginitis in specific circumstances. The major genes contributing to drug resistance in C. albicans are the candida drug resistance (CDR) and multi drug resistance (MDR) genes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the CDR-2 and MDR...

conclusions methicillin resistance is a specialized concern in clinical studies, and it is mandatory to detect this mechanism by an accurate method that is updated periodically. increasing the resistance of s. aureus to multiple antibiotics underlines the need for intermittent resistance surveillance. results methicillin resistance was detected in 38% of s. aureus isolates, confirmed by the aga...