Annotated logics were introduced in 43] and later studied in 5, 7, 31, 32]. In 31], annotations were extended to allow variables and functions, and it was argued that such logics can be used to provide a formal semantics for rule-based expert systems with uncertainty. In this paper we continue to investigate the power of this approach. First, we introduce a new semantics for such programs based...

We introduce generalized quantifiers, as defined in Tarskian semantics by Mostowski and Lindström, in logics using the Hodges semantics, e.g., IF-logic and dependence logic. For this we introduce the multivalued dependence atom and observe the similarities with the, by Väänänen and Grädel, newly introduced independence atom.

Modal logic interpretations of plausibility and belief measures are developed based on the observation that the inverse of the value assignment function in a model of modal logic induces the upper plausibility and lower belief measures of the plausibility and belief measures induced by the accessibility relation, regarded as a multivalued mapping.

all practical digital circuits are usually a mixture of combinational and sequential logic. flip–flops are essential to sequential logic therefore fuzzy flip–flops are considered to be among the most essential topics of fuzzy digital circuit. the concept of fuzzy digital circuit is among the most interesting applications of fuzzy sets and logic due to the fact that if there has to be an ultimat...

With binary test data, the data rate in each tester channel equals the clock speed. We propose the use of multivalued logic (MVL) signals, increasing the channel data rate to multiples of clock rate.

These notes are concerned with recent developments in multivalued logic, particularly in fuzzy logic and its status as a model for human linguistic reasoning. This first section discusses the status of formal logic and the need for logics of approximate reasoning with vague data. The following sections present a hasic account of fuzzy sets theory; fuzzy logics; Zadeh's model of linguistic hedge...

Abstract Organic multivalued logic circuits (OMVLs) have drawn tremendous attention due to their high data processability and simple fabrication techniques. However, OMVLs so far been achieved only on rigid silicon substrates, this limits potential for broader applications. In study, we develop an organic ternary inverter plastic substrates. The inverters showed well-balanced states with voltag...