Hydrogels are hydrophilic three-dimensional (3D) porous polymer networks that can easily stabilize various nanoparticles. Loading noble metal nanoparticles into a 3D network of hydrogels enhance the synergy components. It also be modified to prepare intelligent materials recognize external stimuli. The combination and produce or new composite has attracted considerable attention as use these in...

We have developed an effective medium theory for the optical properties of nanoparticle films by considering the exact local fields of spheroidal nanoparticles on a substrate. The model allows the calculation of reflectivity, transmission and absorption of nanoparticle films for a wide range of filling factors, nanoparticle aspect ratios and substrate dielectric characteristics. It is suitable ...