In this study, we examined the interannual variability of net community production (NCP) in the Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) using in situ O2/Ar-NCP estimates (2008–2014) and satellite data (SeaWiFS and MODIS-Aqua) from 1997 to 2014. We found that NCP generally first peaks offshore and follows sea-ice retreat from offshore to inshore. Annually integrated NCP (ANCP) displays an onshore-to-o...

The Nutrition Care Process (NCP), developed by the American Dietetic Association, is a significant issue to dietetic professionals in many countries and there are rising needs for NCP implementation in Korea. We surveyed clinical nutrition managers of Korean general hospitals regarding the perception of NCP, the status of NCP implementation, and the opinions on NCP. The questionnaire was collec...

In this paper we consider a proximal point algorithm (PPA) for solving the nonlinear complementarity problem (NCP) with a P 0 function. PPA was originally proposed by Martinet and further developed by Rockafellar for monotone variational inequalities and monotone operator problems. PPA is known to have nice convergence properties under mild conditions. However, until now, it has been applied ma...

We investigate a global complexity bound of the Levenberg-Marquardt Method (LMM) for nonsmooth equations F (x) = 0. The global complexity bound is an upper bound to the number of iterations required to get an approximate solution such that ∥∇f(x)∥ ≤ ε, where f is a least square merit function and ε is a given positive constant. We show that the bound of the LMM is O(ε−2). We also show that it i...

In this paper we consider a proximal point algorithm (PPA) for solving the nonlinear complementarity problem (NCP) with a P 0 function. PPA was originally proposed by Martinet and further developed by Rockafel-lar for monotone variational inequalities and monotone operator problems. PPA is known to have nice convergence properties under mild conditions. However, until now, it has been applied m...

Small angle x-ray scattering was used to follow changes in the conformation and interactions of nucleosome core particles (NCP) as a function of the monovalent salt concentration C(s). The maximal extension (D(max)) of the NCP (145 +/- 3-bp DNA) increases from 137 +/- 5 A to 165 +/- 5 A when C(s) rises from 10 to 50 mM and remains constant with further increases of C(s) up to 200 mM. In view of...

A new smoothing algorithm for the solution of nonlinear complementarity problems (NCP) is introduced in this paper. It is based on semismooth equation reformulation of NCP by Fischer–Burmeister function and its related smooth approximation. In each iteration the corresponding linear system is solved only approximately. Since inexact directions are not necessarily descent, a nonmonotone techniqu...

This paper is a follow-up of the work [1] where an NCP-function and a descent method were proposed for the nonlinear complementarity problem. An unconstrained reformulation was formulated due to a merit function based on the proposed NCP-function. We continue to explore properties of the merit function in this paper. In particular, we show that the gradient of the merit function is globally Lip...