Although both surgery and radiation are potential curative options for men with clinically localized prostate cancer, a significant proportion of men with high-risk and locally advanced disease will demonstrate biochemical and potentially clinical progression of their disease. Neoadjuvant systemic therapy before radical prostatectomy (RP) is a logical strategy to improve treatment outcomes for ...

New approaches to drug development are critically needed to lessen the time, cost, and resources necessary to identify and optimize active agents. Strategies to accelerate drug development include testing drugs earlier in the disease process, such as the neoadjuvant setting. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued guidance designed to accelerate drug approval through the use of n...

In the last few decades, neoadjuvant therapy for breast cancer has gained considerable therapeutic importance. Despite extensive clinical investigations, it has not yet been clarified whether neoadjuvant therapy would result in improved survival in comparison with the standard adjuvant setting in any subgroups of patients with breast cancer. Chemotherapy is especially effective in the treatment...

PURPOSE We address whether rational and significant clinical data exist on using angiogenic targeted therapies as neoadjuvant or adjuvant options to nephrectomy in non-metastatic RCC. METHODS We reviewed the recent international literature by carrying out a PUBMED search. RESULTS Neoadjuvant: a possible indication for a neoadjuvant targeted therapy approach is to facilitate surgery, reducin...

Phase III clinical trials evaluating bevacizumab (an antibody to the angiogenic ligand, VEGF-A) in breast cancer have found improved responses in the presurgical neoadjuvant setting but no benefits in the postsurgical adjuvant setting. The objective of this study was to evaluate alternative antiangiogenic therapies, which target multiple VEGF family members or differentially modulate the Angiop...

Abstract Clinically faithful pre-clinical models are essential for screening therapies and studying resistance mechanisms. Historically have failed to predict response in the clinical setting. Current seldom incorporate surgical resection, commonly use young animals whose immune contexture differs from older patients. Here, we established an orthotopic model, employing syngeneic, mesenchymal-NF...

We explain the state of the art of the immunohistochemical markers of response in rectal cancers treated with neoadjuvant medical therapies and its implication with prognosis. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy is widely used to improve the outcome of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer, and the evaluation of the effects of medical therapy is to date based on histomorphological examination ...

This review summarises the literature on non-randomised and randomised clinical trials on preoperative chemotherapy in breast cancer. The effectiveness and survival benefits of adjuvant anthracycline-based chemotherapy and, more recently, taxane-containing regimens have led to more frequent use of preoperative chemotherapy as neoadjuvant treatment in operable breast cancers. However, survival b...

BACKGROUND The development of targeted agents has substantially improved prognoses for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Four targeted agents are approved for the treatment of mRCC in Europe (bevacizumab given in combination with interferon-alfa, sorafenib, sunitinib and temsirolimus) and a number of investigational agents have shown potential in this setting. DESIGN This ...

Despite the progress of tailored therapeutic strategies in patients with breast cancer, there is an unmet medical need for additional biomarkers that would guide therapy, including the administration of targeted agents. It has been demonstrated that the presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) is associated with prognosis in patients with early breast cancer. Moreover, TIL counts were ...