OBJECTIVE Previous studies have suggested that neointimal formation, a central cause of vein graft stenosis, has several potential cell sources. It was hypothesized that neointimal cells arise primarily from the cells of the vein graft. METHODS AND RESULTS This study investigated vein graft neointimal cell origins using a model of vein-to-artery cross-transplantation between transgenic Rosa26...

PURPOSE Vein pouch aneurysms are the most commonly created experimental lesions in neuroendovascular research. We sought to determine whether an experimental aneurysm that is derived from a pancreatic elastase-digested arterial sac (EDASA) models the histology and morphology of human cerebral aneurysms more accurately than the vein pouch aneurysm does. METHODS EDASAs were created in the commo...

BACKGROUND The NEVO sirolimus-eluting stent (NEVO SES) is a novel cobalt-chromium stent combining sirolimus release from reservoirs with bioabsorbable polymer to reduce spatial and temporal polymer exposure. The aim of this study was to assess the arterial response to the NEVO SES in a randomized, blinded comparison versus the surface-coated TAXUS Liberte paclitaxel-eluting stent (TAXUS Liberté...

BACKGROUND Paclitaxel (PXL)-eluting stents in animals cause incomplete healing and, in some instances, a lack of sustained suppression of neointimal growth. The present study tested the efficacy of a novel systemic delivery nanoparticle PXL for reducing in-stent restenosis. METHODS AND RESULTS A saline-reconstituted formulation of PXL stabilized by albumin nanoparticles (nPXL) was tested in 3...

AIMS The first generation of the everolimus-eluting bioresorbable vascular scaffold (BVS 1.0) showed an angiographic late loss higher than the metallic everolimus-eluting stent Xience V due to scaffold shrinkage. The new generation (BVS 1.1) presents a different design and manufacturing process than the BVS 1.0. This study sought to evaluate the differences in late shrinkage, neointimal respons...

OBJECTIVES The study evaluated serial quantitative and qualitative changes in vascular responses to drug-eluting stents (DES) using optical coherence tomography (OCT). BACKGROUND Serial changes in stent strut coverage and neointima characteristics in DES-treated lesions have not been sufficiently investigated using OCT. METHODS Serial OCT was performed in 72 patients with 76 DES-treated les...

BACKGROUND Neointimal development is seen clinically after both vein grafting and balloon catheterization, but may not represent the same pathology under these 2 conditions. This study compared the degree of neointimal hyperplasia after vein grafting or arterial-injury grafts in 2 strains of mice: C57Bl/6 and FVB. METHODS AND RESULTS Jugular vein branches were interpositioned as grafts in the...

OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of stent symmetry on restenosis using the coronary overstretch sheep model. METHODS Neointimal thickness, injury index, and percentage diameter and area stenosis were calculated by digital morphometry. The standard deviation of the angular burden was used to assess stent symmetry for each section. MATERIALS 15 healthy Merino sheep (63-75 kg) underwent implanta...

Previous studies have shown apolipoprotein E (apoE) recruitment to medial layers of carotid arteries after vascular injury in vivo and apoE activation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in smooth muscle cells in vitro. This investigation explored the relationship between medial apoE recruitment and iNOS activation in protection against neointimal hyperplasia. ApoE was present in both neo...

OBJECTIVES We conducted this study to assess the prevalence and determinants of subclinical thrombus after sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) implantation. BACKGROUND Angioscopic analyses have demonstrated the presence of thrombus is more common than the clinical incidence of SES thrombosis. METHODS Fifty-three patients (53 lesions) underwent 6-month follow-up optical coherence tomography. A ste...