Background: The metabolism of phenothiazine neuroleptics (promazine, perazine) in a primary culture of human hepatocytes after pretreatment of cells with those neuroleptics was studied. Methods: The hepatocytes were pretreated with 25 μM promazine or perazine for 96 h. Then, the cells were incubated for 2, 4, 6, 8 and 24 h in the presence of neuroleptics. At the indicated time points, concentra...

BACKGROUND The metabolism of phenothiazine neuroleptics (promazine, perazine) in a primary culture of human hepatocytes after pretreatment of cells with those neuroleptics was studied. METHODS The hepatocytes were pretreated with 25 μM promazine or perazine for 96 h. Then, the cells were incubated for 2, 4, 6, 8 and 24 h in the presence of neuroleptics. At the indicated time points, concentra...

OBJECTIVE The putative role of neuroleptics in the known excess mortality of subjects with schizophrenia remains disputed. The aim of this study was to assess the link between mortality and the class of neuroleptic. METHOD Causes of death (suicide, cardiovascular, etc.) and exposure to neuroleptics were studied in a cohort of 3474 patients with schizophrenia followed from 1993 to 1997. RESU...

BACKGROUND Neuroleptics are commonly used to treat behavioral disorders associated with dementia. However, their safety and efficacy have not been well established in these patients. METHOD A meta-analysis of randomized, controlled (either placebo or active drug), double-blind trials published since 1966 (N = 16; 499 treated, 112 active controls, and 123 placebo) was conducted. Data were coll...

The growing use of atypical antipsychotics has led to a decrease of acute dystonic reactions (ADR). To evaluate the prevalence of ADR, we recorded all ADR occurring in a population of patients consecutively admitted to a psychiatric intensive care unit. Among 1337 cases treated with antipsychotics, we observed 41 cases (3.1%) affected by ADR. At discharge, mean chlorpromazine-equivalent daily d...

The effect of a number of neuroleptics and tricyclic antidepressants on the activity of rat hypothalamic tyrosine hydroxylase was studied utilizing a direct spectrophotometric method. All the neuroleptics (but not the antidepressants) were able to reverse the substrate inhibition of the enzyme occurring when the tyrosine concentration in the medium was increased. Haloperidol, haloanisone and fl...

There are two main pharmacological methods of suppressing undesired behaviour: sedation or neuroleptics. Traditionally, the invention of neuroleptics has been hailed as one of the major clinical breakthroughs of the twentieth century, since they calmed agitation without (necessarily) causing sedation. The specifically neuroleptic form of behavioural control is achieved by making patients psycho...

The neuroleptics which have antidopaminergic effects also enhanced brain dopamine (DA) turnover (Carlsson, 1963). Following administration of neuroleptics, the levels of DA metabolites, dihydroxy phenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and homovanillic acid (HVA) were increased in several brain regions (Westerick, 1978) and a reduction in striatal DA fluorescence intensity was found in rats pretreated with a...