On-line low temperature nuclear orientation (OLNO) experiments have been performed on the isotope 135I using the technique of nuclear magnetic resonance on oriented nuclei (NMR/ON). The magnetic moment of the 7/2 + ground state has been measured to b e / z ( 7 / 2 +135I) = 2.940(2)/XN, thereby extending the known data on these states in odd-A I isotopes up to the neutron shell closure at N = 82...

Polarisation control is demonstrated in circular gainguided top-surface emitting vertical cavity lasers by etching a narrow trench near the cavity aperture. An optimum etch depth exists for which all modes are pinned in a single polarisation. The etch orientation determines the dominant polarisation state of emission by modifying the spontaneous emission coupling into each polarisation state. P...

Microbial anodes were formed from compost leachate on carbon cloth electrodes. The biofilms formed at the surface of electrodes kept at open circuit contained microorganisms that switched their metabolism towards electrode respiration in response to a few minutes of polarisation. When polarisation at -0.2 V/SCE (+0.04 V/SHE) was applied to a pre-established biofilm formed at open circuit (delay...

It is a common procedure to describe the fission-fragment mass distributions of fissioning systems in the actinide region by a sum of at least 5 Gaussian curves, one for the symmetric component and a few additional ones, together with their complementary parts, for the asymmetric components. These components have been attributed to the influence of fragment shells, e.g. in the statistical sciss...

Linear polarisation in gamma-ray burst prompt emission is an important diagnostic with the potential to significantly constrain models. The spectrometer aboard INTEGRAL, SPI, has the capability to detect the signature of polarised emission from a bright γ–ray source. GRB 041219a is the most intense burst localised by INTEGRAL with a fluence of 5.7 ×10−4 ergs cm−2 over the energy range 20 keV–8 ...

background : in spite of clinically useful photon and electron beams, high energy linacs produce secondary particles such as neutrons (photo-neutron production). neutrons have important roles during treatment with high energy photons in terms of protection and dose escalation. in this project, neutron dose equivalent of 18 mv varian accelerators is calculated by tld600 and tld700. materials and...

The justification for doing the work presented in this paper lies in the recent and disturbing rumours regarding the reflectivity of the current SCIAMACHY Level 1b product. The reflectivity was claimed to show an overall 20-percent loss in magnitude compared to GOME. We will show that the reported discrepancy in the reflectivity is indeed not a fictional one, but that it is certainly not caused...

background: in high-intensity, mixed and pulsed neutron fields the use of spectrometers or area monitors with active detectors is useless in these conditions neutron measuring devices must have a passive detector. here a passive neutron area monitor with cr39 track detector was designed and the response was calculated. materials and methods: the response of a passive neutron area monitor with c...

In recent years there has been much discussion of the difference between inequality and polarisation. The vast literature on inequality is held to miss out key features of distributional change, which are better described as changes in polarisation. Axioms have been proposed which capture some of these differences, and measures of polarisation, as distinct from inequality, have been suggested. ...