In this paper, bath control is proposed for the electroless nickel plating through holes board process. The main parameters of the product (board) – thickness of the plating film and phosphorous content – are stabilized at constant levels using optimal tracking control. The set point for control is calculated from the model in dependence on the current state of the process. The pH-index and nic...

A series of [M (R2PC2H4PR:)(butadiene)] com plexes of Ni, Pd and Pt has been prepared and their structures investigated NMR-spectroscopically. The nickel and palladium com plexes, irre­ spective of the substituents at phosphorus, contain a fluxional ?/2-bonded butadiene m olecule. In the case of platinum the bonding mode is ligand dependent: an ^-arrangem ent is observed where R is tert-butyl o...

Nickel phosphides NixPy are a promising family of binary compounds that have shown much promise in various fields technology, including energy storage, light absorption and heterogeneous catalysis the reactions biomass hydrogenation. The performance NixPy-containing materials depends greatly on their morphology phase composition and, turn, synthesis technique. In this work, we employed electrop...

lectroless nickel plating is a relaE. hvely new technological process. The first laboratory experiments were done in 1944 by A. Brenner and G. Riddelll during World War 11. Public announcements were made a few years later. This work bad been done without knowledge of the earlier observations by Roux in 1916* and by Wurtz3 in 1845. The early work was not successful due to poor quality reagents a...

in this study, nickel-phosphorus coating was prepared by electrodeposition technique on the 304 stainless steel substrate. the effects of current density, phosphorous acid concentration, time and ph on the phosphorous content was investigated using taguchi method. a uniform amorphous-nanocrystalline structure (ni-12%p) was obtained. sem, eds, tem and xrd were used in order to study the surface ...

Abstract One of the largest problems with most current thermal power plants is cooling efficiency. This paper aims to massively reduce fuel consumption and heat wasted in hence CO 2 emissions by resolving fouling issues associated air-cooled condensers. In order dust deposition condensers, finned flat tubes were coated nickel−phosphorus nickel−phosphorus−polytetrafluoroethylene (Ni–P-PTFE) an e...