A leaching experiment was conducted on three level of total N soils transplanted with lettuce in packed soil columns. Nitrate content in the surface soil layer increased to 52.6, 92.8 and 92.1 mg kg-1 when 30 t ha-1 poultry manure was used alone in the low, medium and high level of total N soils. Measured leachate data showed that more nitrate was leached in the chemical fertilized soils in the...

The capacity of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal root systems to reduce nitrate (NO₃⁻) and ammonium (NH₄⁺) loss from soils via leaching was investigated in a microcosm-based study. A mycorrhiza defective tomato mutant and its mycorrhizal wildtype progenitor were used in this experiment in order to avoid the indirect effects of establishing non-mycorrhizal control treatments on soil nitrogen cycl...

Future climatic changes may have profound impacts on cropping systems and affect the agronomic and environmental sustainability of current N management practices. The objectives of this work were to i) evaluate the ability of the SALUS crop model to reproduce experimental crop yield and soil nitrate dynamics results under different N fertilizer treatments in a farmer's field, ii) use the SALUS ...

This study examined the efficiency of different organic waste materials as NPK fertilizer, in addition to the risk for leaching losses related to shower precipitation in the first part of the growing season. The experiment was tested in a pot trial on a sandy soil in a greenhouse. Six organic fertilizers were evaluated: liquid anaerobic digestate (LAD) sourced from separated household waste, ni...

abstract by increasing the world population and more need to supply food, farmers attend to use of chemical fertilizers, organic manures and pesticides. also, applications of these agents without attention to their side effects, cause more problems to human health and environment. nitrate is one of the most important elements of organic manures, which leach through soil to surface and ground wa...

Nitrate nitrogen losses through subsurface drainage and crop yield are determined by multiple climatic and management variables. The combined and interactive effects of these variables, however, are poorly understood. Our objective is to predict crop yield, nitrate concentration, drainage volume, and nitrate loss in subsurface drainage from a corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max (L.) Mer...

(15)N and (18)O isotope abundance analyses in nitrate (NO(3)(-)) (expressed as δ(15)N-NO(3)(-) and δ(18)O-NO(3)(-) values respectively) have often been used in research to help identify NO(3)(-) sources in rural groundwater. However, questions have been raised over the limitations as overlaps in δ values may occur between N source types early in the leaching process. The aim of this study was t...

Diffuse N losses from agriculture are a major cause of excessive nitrate concentrations in surface and groundwaters. Leaching through the soil is the main pathway of nitrate loss. For environmental management, an anticipatory assessment and monitoring of nitrate leaching risk by indicator (index) approaches is increasingly being used. Although complex Nitrogen Loss Indicator (NLI) approaches ma...

Sulphate leaching losses may reduce the long-term possibility of maintaining the S supply of crops in low input farming systems. Sulphate leaching and S balances were investigated in an organic dairy/crop rotation (barley [Hordeum vulgare] → grass-clover [Lolium perenne/Trifolium repens] → grass-clover → barley/pea [Pisum arvénse] → winter wheat [Tritucum aestivum] → fodder beet [Beta vulgaris]...

The high solubility of copper sulphide minerals is an issue in the cyanidation of gold ores. The objective of this study was to quantify the effect of individual copper sulphide minerals on the Hunt process, which showed advantages over cyanidation. High purity djurleite, bornite and chalcopyrite, with a P70 of 70–74 microns, were mixed with fine quartz and gold powder (3–8 micron) to obtain a ...