OBJECTIVES Nitrofurantoin has been used for the prevention of urinary tract infection (UTI) for over 60 years. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess its efficacy and safety in the prophylaxis of UTI. METHODS We performed a systematic review of all controlled trials in humans assessing nitrofurantoin for UTI prophylaxis published from 1946 to 2015. We further reviewed po...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether nitrofurantoin prophylaxis prevents postoperative urinary tract infection (UTI) in patients receiving transurethral catheterization after pelvic reconstructive surgery. METHODS In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, participants undergoing pelvic reconstructive surgery were randomized to 100 mg nitrofurantoin or placebo once daily during cathete...

Nitrofurantoin is a synthetic nitrofuran compound. It is generally used in urinary tract infections, either alone or in combination with other antibiotics. A number of adverse effects may develop in different body systems during nitrofurantoin treatment; however, concomitant pulmonary and hepatotoxicity are rare. In this paper, we present a case of acute respiratory distress syndrome and hepato...

Toxoplasma gondii is an important opportunistic pathogen that causes toxoplasmosis, which has very few therapeutic treatment options. The most effective therapy is a combination of pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine; however, their utility is limited because of drug toxicity and serious side effects. For these reasons, new drugs with lower toxicity are urgently needed. In this study, the compound, ...

The purpose of these studies was to further elucidate the active mammary epithelial transport processes for the organic cation cimetidine and the organic anion nitrofurantoin and to determine which of the identified rat organic anion (rOATs) and organic cation (rOCTs) transporters may be responsible for transport of these drugs into milk. Milk-to-serum ratios (M/S) were predicted in vitro for n...

Nitrofurantoin is a commonly used urinary tract antibiotic prescribed to lactating woman. It is actively transported into human and rat milk by an unknown mechanism. Our group has demonstrated an important role of the breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) in the secretion of xenotoxins into the milk. This ATP-binding cassette drug efflux transporter extrudes xenotoxins from cells in int...

Giant cell interstitial pneumonia (GIP) is a rare form of chronic interstitial pneumonia typically associated with hard metal exposure. Only two cases of GIP induced by nitrofurantoin have been reported in the medical literature. We are reporting a case of recurrent nitrofurantoin-induced GIP. Although extremely rare, GIP needs to be included in the differential diagnosis in patients with chron...

Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) is an ATP-binding cassette efflux transporter, important in drug disposition and in the development of multidrug resistance in cancer. Flavonoids, a large class of natural compounds widely present in the diet and herbal products, have been shown in vitro to be BCRP inhibitors. The flavonoid chrysin is a potent inhibitor of BCRP, inhibiting the efflu...

INTRODUCTION Nitrofurantoin is a commonly used drug in the treatment and prevention of urinary tract infections. Many adverse effects of nitrofurantoin have been documented, including aplastic anemia, polyneuritis, and liver and pulmonary toxicity. CASE PRESENTATION We describe the clinical history and the autopsy findings in a 51-year-old woman with lung fibrosis of unknown etiology. She had...