In common finance literature, Black-Scholes partial differential equation of option pricing is usually derived with no-arbitrage principle. Considering an asset market, Merton applied the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman techniques of his continuous-time consumption-portfolio problem, deriving general equilibrium relationships among the securities in the asset market. In special case where the interest ...

Classical explicit finite difference schemes are unsuitable for the solution of the famous Black-Scholes partial differential equation, since they impose severe restrictions on the time step. Furthermore, they may produce spurious oscillations in the solution. We propose a new scheme that is free of spurious oscillations and guarantees the positivity of the solution for arbitrary stepsizes. The...

Options are financial instruments designed to protect investors from the stock market randomness. In 1973, Fisher Black, Myron Scholes and Robert Merton proposed a very popular option pricing method using stochastic differential equations within the Itô interpretation. Herein, we derive the Black-Scholes equation for the option price using the Stratonovich calculus along with a comprehensive re...

The most important application of the Itô calculus, derived from the Itô lemma, in financial mathematics is the pricing of options. The most famous result in this area is the Black-Scholes formulae for pricing European vanilla call and put options. As a consequence of the formulae, both in theoretical and practical applications, Robert Merton and Myron Scholes were awarded the Nobel Prize for E...

in this paper two different methods are presented to approximate the solution of the fractional black-scholes equation for valuation of barrier option. also, the two schemes need less computational work in comparison with the traditional methods. in this work, we propose a new generalization of the two-dimensional differential transform method and decomposition method that will extend the appli...

In this work, we apply He’s variotional iteration method for obtaining analytic solutions to nonlinear Black-Scholes equation with boundary conditions for European option pricing problem. The analytical solution of the equation is calculated in the form a convergent power series with easily computable components. The powerful VIM method is capable of handling both linear and non-linear equation...

in this paper, a new identification of the lagrange multipliers by means of the sumudu transform, is employed to  btain a quick and accurate solution to the fractional black-scholes equation with the initial condition for a european option pricing problem. undoubtedly this model is the most well known model for pricing financial derivatives. the fractional derivatives is described in caputo sen...

This paper considers the pricing of a European option using a B, S -market in which the stock price and the asset in the riskless bank account both have hereditary price structures described by the authors of this paper 1999 . Under the smoothness assumption of the payoff function, it is shown that the infinite dimensional Black-Scholes equation possesses a unique classical solution. A spectral...

In this paper, the pricing of a European call option on the underlying asset is performed by using a Monte Carlo method, one of the powerful simulation methods, where the price development of the asset is simulated and value of the claim is computed in terms of an expected value. The proposed approach, applied in Monte Carlo simulation, is based on the Black-Scholes equation which generally def...