This study employs focus group methodology to explore gender differences in sunscreen use. Guided by the theory of reasoned action, males and females were found to differ on each of the following constructs: behavior, behavioral beliefs, and normative beliefs. Males and females differed in their sunscreen use, with females adopting a more preventive style of sunscreen use and males a more react...

I argue that certain species of belief, such as mathematical, logical, and normative beliefs, are insulated from a form of Harmanstyle debunking argument whereas moral beliefs, the primary target of such arguments, are not. Harman-style arguments have been misunderstood as attempts to directly undermine our moral beliefs. They are rather best given as burden-shifting arguments, concluding that ...

The present study investigated any probable relationship between theidentity processing styles and L2 literacy of advanced Persian EFL learners. Theparticipants included 160 (female = 109, male = 51) advanced EFL Iranian learners.The instruments used included a simulation of the TOEFL iBT test, measuring theparticipants’ L2 literacy-related proficiency, reading, and writing, and the identitysty...

This study sought to predict identity styles based on the relationship between perceived parenting and girls’ negative attitude towards their fathers. The research method was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of the study comprised all 11th graders and pre-university students enrolled in public schools in Karaj in 2015-16 school year. Utilizing multistage cluster samplin...

Research on international joint ventures (IJV) reveals difficulties in managing cross-cultural teams. Our research aims to understand how cultural differences between Japanese and American firms in IJV projects effect team performance through computational experimentation. We focus on and characterize culturallydriven normative systems as a central role of cultural differences, composed of two ...