Using data derived from the deepest and finest angular resolution images of the universe yet acquired by astronomers at optical wavelengths using the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) in two postage-stamp sections of the sky (Williams et al. 1996a,b), plus simple geometrical and scaling arguments, we demonstrate that the faint blue population of point-source objects detected on those two fields (Mén...

This paper evaluates various options for addressing traffic problems on the Malahat highway corridor, north of Victoria, British Columbia. A combination of transit and vanpool service improvements, support strategies, and incremental roadway improvements is by far the most cost effective and beneficial option. Current planning tends to undervalue this approach by ignoring some costs of highway ...

The restoration of historical transport routes and the creation new ones is a strategic objective most states in modern times. Located at intersection North–South East–West routes, Azerbaijan currently recognised as an important logistics hub. Successful cooperation with European Union countries this field taking place. international passing through territory are very convenient for cargo trans...

Dinghai district, the central area of Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province, lies on the biggest island of Zhoushan Archipelago. Owing to its marvelous island feature, Zhoushan has been attracting more and more people to Island Tourism, Agricultural Tourism and Culture Tourism. Shuangxiao Road is a transportation line through suburban area connecting the south to the north. However, the vicinity of Shuan...

We develop a simple two country model of international trade that assumes that there is a fixed cost associated with transporting goods across national boundaries. We show that this leads to multiple equilibria that can be Pareto-ranked. One of these equilibria is autarky. We argue that the existence of fixed costs in transport can help explain the low volume of North-South trade. ∗GREQAM, Univ...

The article discusses the problem of determining optimal location cargo terminals in delivery system. methods and approaches by which this task is traditionally solved are considered. Based on analysis scientific publications, it was concluded that advisable to use center gravity method flows solve indicated problem. Proposals have been made finalize approach, taking into account a number addit...

BACKGROUND Tracks of pigeons homing to the Frankfurt loft revealed an odd phenomenon: whereas birds returning from the North approach their loft more or less directly in a broad front, pigeons returning from the South choose, from 25 km from home onward, either of two corridors, a direct one and one with a considerable detour to the West. This implies differences in the navigational process. ...

The ocean’s overturning circulation and associated heat transport are divided into contributions based on water mass ventilation from 1) shallow overturning within the wind-driven subtropical gyres to the base of the thermocline, 2) overturning into the intermediate depth layer (500–2000 m) in the North Atlantic and North Pacific, and 3) overturning into the deep layers in the North Atlantic (N...

From 1995-1998, we tracked movements of adult Swainson's Hawks (Buteo swainsoni) using satellite telemetry to characterize migration, important stopover areas, and austral summer movements. We tagged 46 hawks from July - September on their nesting grounds in seven U.S. states and two Canadian provinces. Swainson's Hawks basically followed three routes south on a broad front, converged along the...

STATE OF THE EPIDEMIC The Government of India estimates that in 2007, about 2.31 million Indians were living with HIV (1.8 – 2.9 million) with an adult prevalence of 0.34 percent. India’s highly heterogeneous epidemic is largely concentrated in six states—in the industrialized south and west and in the north-eastern tip. On average, HIV prevalence in those states is 4–5 times higher than in the...