Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) is a membrane-associated secreted protein that has chemorepulsive properties for neuropilin-1 (npn-1)- expressing axons. Although mice lacking the Sema3A protein display skeletal abnormalities and heart defects, most axonal projections in the CNS develop normally. We show here that Sema3A is expressed in the lamina propria surrounding the olfactory epithelium (OE) and by ...

We investigated the possibility of counting tumor deposits (TDs) as positive lymph nodes (pLNs) in the pN category and evaluated its prognostic value for colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. A new pN category (npN category) was calculated using the numbers of pLNs plus TDs. The npN category included 4 tiers: npN1a (1 tumor node), npN1b (2-3 tumor nodes), npN2a (4-6 tumor nodes), and npN2b (≥7 tumo...

Neuropilins, secreted semaphorin coreceptors, are expressed in discrete populations of spinal motor neurons, suggesting they provide critical guidance information for the establishment of functional motor circuitry. We show here that motor axon growth and guidance are impaired in the absence of Sema3A-Npn-1 signaling. Motor axons enter the limb precociously, showing that Sema3A controls the tim...

During neural development, the axons of sensory and motor neurons must extend over long distances—meters in some animals—to reach the most distant parts of the limbs. The axons of these neurons adhere tightly together to form spinal nerves that project over these distances to their peripheral targets. This process, called fasciculation, controls axon outgrowth and guidance. However, the underly...

We report a novel BiCMOS compatible lateral SiC N-emitter, SiGe P-base Schottky metal-collector NPM HBT on SOI. The proposed lateral NPM HBT performance has been evaluated in detail using 2-dimensional device simulation by comparing it with the equivalent NPN HBT and homojunction silicon NPM BJT structures. Based on our simulation results, it is observed that while both the lateral NPM and NPN ...

Objective: The objective of this experiment was to measure the effects non-protein nitrogen (NPN; biuret) or NPN + ruminal modifier (biuret Bovatec, Zoetis, Parsippany, NJ) inclusion in a commercial mineral mix on growth performance yearling beef calves grazing Kansas Flint Hills.

Many biomolecules are charged and may therefore be transported with ionic currents. As a step toward addressable ionic delivery circuits, we report on the development of a npn ion bipolar junction transistor (npn-IBJT) as an active control element of anionic currents in general, and specifically, demonstrate actively modulated delivery of the neurotransmitter glutamic acid. The functional mater...

The explosive proliferation of battery powered equipment in the past decade has created unique requirements for a voltage regulator that cannot be met by the industry standards like the LM340 or the LM317. These regulators use an NPN Darlington pass transistor (Figure 1), and will be referred to in this document as NPN regulators. The demand for higher performance is being met by the newer low-...

Six rhizobium (Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. Trifolii TA1, Sinorhizobium meliloti 1021, Mesorhizobium huakuii IFO 15243(T), Ochrobactrum lupini LUP 21(T), Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA110 and B. elkanii USDA 76) and two Escherichia coli strains (E. coli ATCC 25922 and E. coli HB 101) were compared in respect to polymyxin B and EDTA resistance, as well as bacterial outer membrane (OM) permeability...

Five experiments are reported in which young growing or breeding cattle were offered supplements which contained non protein nitrogen (NPN) or protein during winter when grazing carpet grass pastures. Significant and economic increases in growth were obtained when a slowly degradable protein pellet (cottonseed, meat and fish meals) 'was offered twice-aweek when available pasture was in excess o...