The oculocardiac reflex was quantitatively studied in 15 patients with strabismus. The reflex was observed in all patients when the medial rectus and inferior oblique muscles were stretched; the medial rectus muscle had a lower threshold than the inferior oblique. Bradycardia was evoked in 7 of the 15 patients when the lateral rectus was tractioned with tensions of 50 g and 600 g. The oculocard...

Purpose To review the physiology, presentation and management of the oculocardiac reflex (OCR) by describing a case of the OCR associated with an orbital foreign body and complete ocular prolapse through a large orbital floor fracture in a 40-year-old male following a motor vehicle accident. Observations The patient demonstrated marked bradycardia and hypotension necessitating intubation and ...

Background: OCR commonly occurs during strabismus surgery, producing bradycardia, arrhythmias and even cardiac arrest after manipulation of orbital structures. Ketamine is NMDA receptor antagonist acts as an analgesic. Aim: To determine the effect ketamine premedication on prevention surgery. Study design: Randomized control trial Methodology: 60 patients were randomly divided into two groups i...