BACKGROUND Due to the complex anatomy of the upper cervical spinal column region and the variable aggressiveness of giant cell tumors (GCTs), there exists no standard treatment for GCTs of axial vertebra. To the best of our knowledge, there are only a few case reports in the literature and no large sum numbers of clinical trials about the treatment of, or research into, axial vertebra GCTs. M...

AIM The aims of this clinical study were to describe the segments and the inferior boundaries of the odontoid process as regards the embryological development of C2 based on the magnetic resonance imaging finding. MATERIAL AND METHODS Cranial and cervical magnetic resonance images including occiput, C1, and C2, and those obtained for different reasons such as evaluation of cranial and upper c...

Os odontoideum is a rare atlantoaxial abnormality that affects the odontoid process. It has been proposed to be a congenital anomaly due to lack of chondral tissue or failed ossification along the growth line of the proatlas and the first spinal sclerotome, which are the precursors for the future odontoid process [1]. Some authors have argued against this theory and believe that os odontoideum ...

INTRODUCTION Basilar invagination and basilar impression both refer to the displacement of the odontoid process into the foramen magnum, although the former is congenital and the latter is due to secondary etiology. Many etiologies for basilar impression exist, including trauma, Paget’s disease of the bone, osteogenesis imperfecta, rickets, and rheumatoid pannus. To our knowledge there have bee...

Os odontoideum is a rare atlantoaxial abnormality that affects the odontoid process. It has been proposed to be a congenital anomaly due to lack of chondral tissue or failed ossification along the growth line of the proatlas and the first spinal sclerotome, which are the precursors for the future odontoid process [1]. Some authors have argued against this theory and believe that os odontoideum ...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disorder which can affect all of the synovial joints including the cervical spine. Cervical involvement typically begins early in the disease process and shows relatively slow progression. Fractures of the odontoid process are mainly noted after a major trauma to the cervical spine. A case of a 77-year-old woman with paresthesia of the extremit...

Frameless stereotactic neuronavigation system has been in wide use since many years for precise localization of cranial tumors and navigation for spinal instrumentation. We present its usage in the localization of odontoid process in a very high basilar invagination for a transoral transpalatal resection of the same. We discuss the technical aspects of assembly of neuronavigation system, O-arm ...

STUDY DESIGN Retrospective, cross-sectional study. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the feasibility of two screws anterior fixation of the odontoid process among Arab adults. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Anterior screw fixation is the treatment of choice for type II odontoid fractures. In order to perform the procedure safely, the diameter of the odontoid process should be wide enough to allow for the p...