While recent studies have elucidated many of the factors driving parasite dynamics during the growing season, the ecological and evolutionary dynamics during the off-season (i.e. the period between growing seasons) remain largely unexplored. We combined large-scale surveys and detailed experiments to investigate the overwintering success of the specialist plant pathogen Podosphaera plantaginis ...

The aim of this study was to analyze the time-course of force production of elite middle and long-distance runners throughout an entire season and at the end of the off-season, as well as its relationships with training load and hormonal responses. Training load was recorded daily throughout an entire season by measuring and evaluating the session distance (km), training zone and session-RPE in...

Now a days, tomato production in Bangladesh is increasing. But land area for cultivation not increased. Due to the adoption of new High Yield Variety (HIV) and hybrid total Farmers are willing produce off-season or summer tomatoes because their high price. Production profitable by considering cost benefit. Summer both more highly than seasonal production. A large part farmers small farmers. The...

Failure of the rice crop, or low yield has dire consequences for rice-dependent households, including food insecurity and malnutrition, India’s poorest farmers in East Indian Plateau region. Crop diversification could reduce risks production from vagaries rainfall provide cash income which is not generated subsistence rice. Being primary household laborers women bear brunt these difficult condi...

Galia-type muskmelons are the leading melon for consumer choice in Europe. The melon generally sells for U.S. $2 to $4 each and although Galia is currently found in some United States markets, it does not always possess the high quality consistent with that found in European markets. Achieving constant, high quality production has not been possible under normal field production in Florida, but ...

Petiole sap N and K quick tests offer fast and accurate in-field analysis for N and K and have been calibrated for some vegetable crops in Florida. This paper summarizes 10 years of research conducted in Florida on petiole sap testing for N and K. Petiole sap nitrate-N and K concentrations correlated highly with wholeleaf N and K concentrations and decreased through the season for all vegetable...