Computed tomographic digital data and special off-line computer graphic analysis were used to measure volumes of normal orbital soft tissue, extraocular muscle, orbital fat, and total bony orbit in vivo in 29 patients (58 orbits). The upper limits of normal for adult bony orbit, soft tissue exclusive of the globe, orbital fat, and muscle are 30.1 cm3, 20.0 cm3, 14.4 cm3, and 6.5 cm3, respective...

A 79-year-old man presents with signs of an orbital mass. A CT scan revealed a large maxillary mucocele eroding through the orbital floor. Surgical drainage of the mucocele and conservative postoperative care, returned all ophthalmic signs to normal and bony remodelling of the orbital floor was demonstrated. Maxillary mucoceles should be assessed by both ENT and Ophthalmic surgeons. Postoperati...

AIM To analyse the extent of bony orbital volume reduction after enucleation in humans. METHODS Volumetric studies on bony orbital volumes based on three dimensional reconstructions acquired from high resolution computed tomograph (CT) scans were performed in 29 patients with acquired anophthalmia and four patients before enucleation (controls). Eight patients (follow up 25-52 years) were enu...

Posttraumatic enophthalmos is one of the common sequelae that appears after facial injury and remains a challenge to treat for craniomaxillofacial surgeons. Several theories have been advocated regarding enophthalmos; however, the most well accepted concept is the enlargement of the orbital cavity after displacement due to orbital fractures. Generally, a 1 cm3 increase in orbital volume causes ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the success of the temporoparietal fascial flap (TPFF) in the primary or secondary reconstruction of difficult orbital defects and to review the surgical techniques. DESIGN Retrospective analysis. SETTING Tertiary medical center. PATIENTS Nine patients with diverse orbital cavity or periorbital soft tissue and bony defects due to trauma, benign or malignant neoplasms...

Orbital blowout fracture frequently occurs along the floor or medial aspect of the orbital wall, which are the two thinnest areas of the bony orbit. True trapdoor injury of the orbit is less common and is rare as an isolated medial wall injury, because the medial orbital wall has several bony septa within the ethmoid sinus that provide support and decrease the risk of a trapdoor fracture. Addit...

Beware of the black eye! Orbital injuries are often missed or misdiagnosed. The underlying bony injury and or globe injury are often more serious than initial examination suggests.

PURPOSE To review the clinical findings in orbitotemporal neurofibromatosis and discuss treatment options. Clinical features, histopathologic characteristics, and treatment options are reviewed. METHODS A Medline literature search from 1966 to 2004 was performed, using the key words: orbitotemporal neurofibromatosis, orbitopalpebral neurofibromatosis, orbitofacial neurofibromatosis, cranio-or...