The endoscopic transnasal approach is well suited for decompression of both the orbit and optic canal. High-resolution nasal endoscopes provide excellent visualization for bone removal along the orbital apex and skull base. Endoscopic orbital decompression has proved to be safe and effective for the treatment of patients with Graves' orbitopathy; however, the indications and outcomes for endosc...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate changes in corneal astigmatism in patients undergoing orbital decompression surgery. METHODS This retrospective, non randomized comparative study involved 42 eyes from 21 patients with thyroid ophthalmopathy who underwent orbital decompression surgery between September 2011 and September 2014. The 42 eyes were divided into three groups: control (9 eyes), two-wall decompr...

Objective. Postoperative diplopia occurs in up to 45% of patients following orbital decompression for exophthalmos associated with Graves’ orbitopathy. We sought to describe outcomes of our balanced orbital decompression strategy that includes the preservation of a modified inferomedial orbital strut (mIOS). Study Design: Case series with chart review. Setting: Academic medical center. Subjects...

PURPOSE To assess choroidal perfusion before and after orbital decompression surgery in patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy. METHODS In this interventional case series, surgical decompression for optic nerve compromise was performed on four eyes of three patients with Graves' disease. Complete ophthalmic examination including visual acuity, color vision, and intraocular pressure assessment w...

PURPOSE To report the outcomes of acquired lower eyelid epiblepharon after various surgeries in thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) patients. METHODS A retrospective review of the medical records of 53 TAO patients with acquired lower eyelid epiblepharon between October 1999 and June 2011 was performed. Data were collected on demographics, type of lower eyelid epiblepharon, the detailed s...

Dysthyroid orbitopathy or Thyroid associated orbitopathy (TAO) is a heterogeneous autoimmune orbital inflammatory reaction typically manifested in middle age. The various orbital presentations are lid retraction proptosis, dry eyes, strabismus, diplopia, restriction in extraocular ocular movement and compressive optic neuropathy. The mainstay of therapy for the severe cases remains surgical dec...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic transnasal orbital decompression alone for thyrotoxic orbitopathy. DESIGN Retrospective review of consecutive procedures. SETTING Tertiary referral otorhinolaryngology centre. PATIENTS Twenty-three eyes of 14 patients. INTERVENTION Endoscopic transnasal orbital decompression. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Proptosis reduction, intra-ocular press...

INTRODUCTION Graves' ophthalmopathy is characterized by an increase in the volume of orbital soft tissue contents and an associated increase in intraorbital pressure. Surgical expansion of bony orbital volume is therefore an effective method of treating moderate to severe exophthalmos. Numerous correlations between specific decompression procedures and reduction of proptosis have been made. The...