The toxicities of various chemicals, including organic solvents, have been reported, and methods for protection and occupational exposure limits have been established. Most organic solvents are mainly absorbed into the body via inhalation, ingestion, and the skin, and they often directly affect the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. Absorbed organic solvents are toxic to the nervous system, liv...

The effects of regular organic solvents on the metabolic activities of various human cytochromes P450 (P450s) have been reported. However, very little is known about their influence on metabolic activities mediated by P450s in the rat liver microsomes (RLM). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of organic solvents such as methanol, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ac...

The effects of regular organic solvents on the metabolic activities of various human cytochromes P450 (P450s) have been reported. However, very little is known about their influence on metabolic activities mediated by P450s in the rat liver microsomes (RLM). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of organic solvents such as methanol, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ac...

The effects of regular organic solvents on the metabolic activities of various human cytochromes P450 (P450s) have been reported. However, very little is known about their influence on metabolic activities mediated by P450s in the rat liver microsomes (RLM). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of organic solvents such as methanol, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), ac...

A vapor generator for multicomponent organic solvents was developed and its performance was investigated experimentally. The vapors were generated from the surface of a sintered sphere of glass beads containing the organic solvents. The solvents were automatically supplied from the solvent reservoir to the sphere by suction pressure caused by the evaporation of the solvents and the generated va...

A review of the literature was made on the physiological and environmental factors affecting pharmacokinetic behavior of organic solvent vapors in relation to biological monitoring of exposure to organic solvents. Among the physiological factors the importance is attached to body build (body weight and body fat content), sex, and physical activity. Environmental factors are centered on cigarett...

BACKGROUND Exposure to organic solvents is common among workers. OBJECTIVE To assess neurobehavioral effects of long-term exposure to organic solvents among rubber workers in Tehran, Iran. METHODS Across-sectional study was conducted on 223 employees of a rubber industry. The participants completed a data collection sheet on their occupational and medical history, and demographic characteri...

Applications of aerobic oxidation methods in pharmaceutical manufacturing are limited in part because mixtures of oxygen gas and organic solvents often create the potential for a flammable atmosphere. To address this issue, limiting oxygen concentration (LOC) values, which define the minimum partial pressure of oxygen that supports a combustible mixture, have been measured for nine commonly use...

Organic solvent, Enzymatic Hydrolysis, Cellulose, Acceleration Effect, Glucose Yield Effect of organic solvents on enzymatic hydrolysis of celluloses was studied. It was found that toluene and xylene can accelerate the rate of the enzymatic hydrolysis reaction of filter paper and cellulose powder. The addition of N,N-dimethylformamide, acetone, and alcohols was negative effect for the enzymatic...