In this retrospective study, the Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) index was used to objectively evaluate the effectiveness of Phase I (early) orthodontic treatment provided in an undergraduate teaching clinic. Pre-treatment and post-treatment casts of ninety-three patients were analyzed. All patients selected for Phase I orthodontic treatment had Class I skeletal relationships and did not require c...

A survey was mailed to a stratified random sample of general dentists to determine the amount and nature of orthodontic treatment provided by general practitioners to their patients. The response to the survey was 75%, a rate considered excellent for this type of mailing. A large majority of the responding dentists (76.3%) provide orthodontic services to their patients, with 19.3% providing com...

Introduction: With increase in number of adult orthodontic patients, the orthodontic- endodontic related patients are also expected to rise. There clinical dilemma where both specialties need robust guideline for decision making. The effect force is expressed different way and teeth which be understood by clinicians. On contrary, tooth movement endodontically involved demands careful evaluation...

Introduction: The aim of this study was to recognize and investigate the expectations of patients and their parents from orthodontic treatment in order to increase the satisfaction from treatment outcome and enhance the patients’ cooperation in Babol in 2017. Materials & Methods: Totally, 200 people (100 patients aged 12-18 with one of their parents) who were attending for their first or...

Four schools were selected randomly and all 12 year old children were included in the study. A total of 613 school children (334 boys and 279 girls) were examined. A self-administered pretested questionnaire about perceived need to have their teeth straightened was elicited. Clinical examination was carried using Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). Chi-square test was done to test the association bet...

Since the fee for orthodontic treatment of malocclusion caused by cleft lip and palate (CLP) became covered by national health insurance in 1982, orthodontic treatment from school age has become the norm. However, in some CLP patients, orthodontic treatment is commenced in adulthood. A number of studies have reported on orthodontic treatment in adult CLP patients. The purpose of this study was ...

Gingivitis is caused by several known systemic and local factors. Among systemic factors, the role of hormonal changes during pregnancy is well established. While presence of fixed orthodontic appliances alone may not cause gingivitis, factors such as pregnancy and poor oral hygiene combined together could precipitate acute gingival inflammation that may progress to a periodontal condition in a...

Pain is an undesirable side effect of orthodontic tooth movement, which causes many patients to give up orthodontic treatment or avoid it altogether. The aim of this study was to investigate, through an analysis of the scientific literature, the best method for managing orthodontic pain. The methodological aspects involved careful definition of keywords and diligent search in databases of scien...

OBJECTIVE Patients' and parents' expectations are important in orthodontic treatment decision making. The literature generally demonstrates the perceived benefits of orthodontic treatment, but patients' and their parents' concerns about orthodontic treatment have not been investigated comprehensively. The aim of this study was to identify patients' and parents' concerns about orthodontic treatm...