A patient is presented who developed hepatic osteodystrophy after orthotopic liver transplantation in association with persistently low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. After successful liver transplantation there was a delay in the return to normal of the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels until oral supplementation with vitamin D was instituted. This case emphasizes the need for effective trea...

A child who presented with features of renal osteodystrophy but with normal renal function is described. Improvement occurred both on large doses of vitamin D and small doses of 1, alpha-hydroxy-vitamin D3 (1, alpha-OHD3). Investigations suggested that the primary defect was an impaired renal response to parathyroid hormone. The relationship between renal osteodystrophy, abnormalities of vitami...

Renal osteodystrophy is the term used to describe the many different patterns of the skeletal abnormalities that occur in patients with chronic kidney disease. The main two conditions are osteitis fibrosa, characterized by high bone turnover, increased osteoclastic and osteoblastic activity, and high levels of circulating parathyroid hormone (PTH) and adynamic bone disease characterized by low ...

We report a 13-year-old boy hospitalized for the first time at the age of 17 months with clinical and laboratory signs of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and renal osteodystrophy caused by severe obstructive uropathy of the single kidney. Prevention and treatment of renal osteodystrophy has been target for aggressive therapy and the great challenge for pediatric nephrologists. The outcome of the t...

Pseudo hypoparathyroidism is a hereditary disorder characterized by symptoms and signs of hypoparathyroidism, typically in association with distinctive skeletal developmental defects. The due to deficient end organ response parathyroid hormone. We describe 26-year-old woman who has typical features Albright's osteodystrophy. Which include round face, short neck stature brachydactyly. Laboratory...

Pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) is an inherited metabolic disorder characterized by end-organ resistance to the action of PTH (Parathyroid Hormone). There are four types of PHPs namely Ia, Ib, Ic and II. PHP Ia is associated with a constellation of clinical features referred to as Albright’s Hereditary Osteodystrophy (AHO). The oral manifestation of AHO found in the literature includes aplasia a...

Albright hereditary osteodystrophy (AHO) is a genetic syndrome characterized by a distinctive set of developmental and skeletal defects that may easily be misdiagnosed as exogenous obesity in children. There are very few publications detailing the comprehensive management of children and adolescents with this disorder. This chapter provides a comprehensive discussion of the various aspects of t...