A nitrogen (N) budget was developed for four, 400-m ponds stocked with 550 channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) fingerlings that were fed to satiation daily for 133 days with a ration containing 4.85% N. Feed accounted for 87.9% of the N input to ponds. Abundant N from ammonia (NH3), ammonium (NH4 ), and nitrate (NO3 ) and the high total N: total phosphorus ratio in pond waters prevented appre...

Constructed wetlands are engineered to duplicate the processes occurring innaturalwetlands. Themain purpose of structure is remove contaminants or pollutants from wastewater. wetland a new, creative, cost-effective, and green technology compared conventional treatment systems. Water hyacinth couldbe cultivated for wastewater utilised aid purification either industrial sewer water. Consequently,...

In the present investigation the effect of different concentrations of zinc and cadmium chloride (ZnCl2 and CdCl2) on one of the Cyanophyta "Chroococcus minutus" isolated from ponds in Sana'a Yemen was evaluated. The two heavy metals adversely affected cell division; however the protein and glucose contents of the cells were slightly affected. They caused destruction of chlorophyll a as the res...

present communication deals with the study of four village fish culture ponds (two wild and two managed ponds) from district hisar of haryana, india was undertaken, to correlate the water quality and biological cycles in ponds with fish production. studies have revealed that the ponds are in good trophic status. chlorides, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, biochemical oxygen demand (bod), pho...

Farm ponds in Yunlin County first appeared in 1,622 and have played roles in habitation, production, the ecology, culture, and disaster reduction. Farm ponds largely disappeared with the development of urban areas and the industrial sector; thus, effective preservation of the remaining ponds is critical. The criteria to evaluate the preservation value of farm ponds is established by expert ques...

The use of spawning sites by Bombina variegata was analysed in a dynamic habitat containing a variety of different ponds. Cool or shadowy as well as permanent ponds were not used for spawning at all. Among the ephemeral ponds that were used, egg numbers increased with water temperature, both when compared among ponds and between different areas within ponds. Egg numbers were also higher in pond...

A one year study was carried out in a waste stabilization ponds system where septage and sewage are cotreated. The system consists of two septage ponds which operate alternately followed by two ponds in series which receive the combined effluent. The septage ponds also act as evaporation ponds for the accumulated sludge. The monitoring program was divided in two phases. The results of the first...

The abundance and diversity of bacteria in two types of ponds were investigated by quantitative PCR and Illumina MiSeq sequencing. The results revealed that the abundance of bacterial 16S rRNA genes in D ponds (with grass carp fed sudan grass) was significantly lower than that in E ponds (with grass carp fed commercial feed). The microbial communities were dominated by Proteobacteria, Cyanobact...