Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is one of non-parametric methods for evaluating efficiency of each unit. Limited resources in healthcare economy is the main reason in measuring efficiency of hospitals. In this study, a bootstrap interval data envelopment analysis (BIRDEA) is proposed for measuring the efficiency of hospitals affiliated with the Hamedan University of Medical Sciences. The propos...

This research effort develops a comprehensive computational framework to support the parametric optimal design of uncertain dynamical systems. Uncertainty comes from various sources, such as: system parameters, initial conditions, sensor and actuator noise, and external forcing. Treatment of uncertainty in design is of paramount practical importance because all real-life systems are affected by...

This paper studies directed exploration for reinforcement learning agents by tracking uncertainty about the value of each available action. We identify two sources of uncertainty that are relevant for exploration. The first originates from limited data (parametric uncertainty), while the second originates from the distribution of the returns (return uncertainty). We identify methods to learn th...

Fermentation is one of the most important stages in entire brewing process. In fermentation, sugars are converted by yeast into alcohol, carbon dioxide, and a variety by-products which affect flavour beer. temperature profile plays an essential role progression fermentation heavily influences flavour. this paper, optimised. As every process model contains experimentally determined parameters, u...

The economics of climate change involves a vast array of uncertainties, complicating both the analysis and development of climate policy. This study presents the results of the first comprehensive study of uncertainty in climate change using multiple integrated assessment models. The study looks at model and parametric uncertainties for population, total factor productivity, and climate sensiti...