Significant progress in the development and commercialization of electrically conductive adhesives has been made. This makes shingling a very attractive approach for solar cell interconnection. In this study, we investigate shading tolerance two types modules based on shingle interconnection: first, already commercialized string approach, second, matrix technology where cells are intrinsically ...

Photovoltaic array exhibits highly nonlinear electrical characteristics and the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is always challenging. It becomes more complex during partial shading condition. The P-V array characteristics for shading condition have multiple maxima points and conventional MPPT technique fails to track global maximum power point. The operating point may settle at local point...

This study proposes a fuzzy system for tracking the maximum power point of a PV system for solar panel. The solar panel and maximum power point tracker have been modeled using MATLAB/Simulink. A simulation model consists of PV panel, boost converter, and maximum power point tack MPPT algorithm is developed. Three different conditions are simulated: 1) Uniform irradiation; 2) Sudden changing; 3)...

The performance of solar photovoltaic (PV) array is affected in conditions like Array tilt (optimum = latitude), Array tracking (1-axis, 2axis), Array azimuth/orientation (optimum = 180o or South), Array temperature, Array “soiling” (dust/dirt, snow, foreign matter etc.), Array shading (trees, clouds, buildings, chimneys, dormers, utility and telephone poles etc.), Array configuration, Array ag...

Most of the existing works view the shapefrom-shading problem as equivalent to a non-linear first-order partial differential equation in surface elevation. Recently, there is a new approach to this problem, namely the shape-from-shading using the heat equation. This paper reviews several works either using the first or the second approach. The previous approach is also implemented in solving th...

Phytochrome is thought to control the induction of leaf senescence directly, however, the signalling and molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, an ecophysiological approach was used to establish a functional connection between phytochrome signalling and the physiological processes underlying the induction of leaf senescence in response to shade. With shade it is important to...

Partial shading of a PV installation has a disproportionate impact on its power production. This paper presents background and experimental results from a single string grid-tied PV system, operated under a variety of shading conditions. In this configuration a shadow can represent a reduction in power over 30 times its physical size. Results are presented relating size and positions of shading...

A solar photovoltaic distribution static compensator (SPV-DSTATCOM) under partial shading condition (PSC) is studied using a single-stage, 3-phase grid-connected mode. Under PSC, the performance of SPV-DSTATCOM and addressed issues such as active current sharing, reactive power control, harmonic elimination. Rejection DC offset with PSC an issue when conventional Proportional Resonant (PR) cont...

Solar photovoltaic (PV) is the cheapest renewable resource of electrical energy. Its dependence on connected load bounds its production capability. To deliver determined power, it required to operate at maximum power point (MPP) in characteristic curve PV array. Tracking MPP requires electronic circuits govern by tracking (MPPT) algorithms. The most simple, cheap, and softly implementable MPPT ...