OK, they are cute, but why should a developmental biologist care about them? Onset of calcification early in ontogeny coupled with gradual, progressive morphological development permits the recognition of growth sequences for over a hundred trilobite species. Striking variation in the number of trunk segments at maturity across ontogeny and phylogeny, coupled with the curious pattern of segment...

Principal-oscillation-pattern (POP) analysis is a multivariate and systematic technique for identifying the dynamic characteristics of a system from time-series data. In this study, we demonstrate the first application of POP analysis to genome-wide time-series gene-expression data. We use POP analysis to infer oscillation patterns in gene expression. Typically, a genomic system matrix cannot b...

Despite the fact that the two texture descriptors, the completed modeling of Local Binary Pattern (CLBP) and the Completed Local Binary Count (CLBC), have achieved a remarkable accuracy for invariant rotation texture classification, they inherit some Local Binary Pattern (LBP) drawbacks. The LBP is sensitive to noise, and different patterns of LBP may be classified into the same class that redu...

Liquid metal dealloying has emerged as a novel technique to produce topologically complex nanoporous and nanocomposite structures with ultra-high interfacial area and other unique properties relevant for diverse material applications. This process is empirically known to require the selective dissolution of one element of a multicomponent solid alloy into a liquid metal to obtain desirable stru...

Once attacked by herbivores, plants regenerate new leaves with increased trichome density as an inducible defense. Trichomes are specified from neighboring epidermal cells through local cell-cell interactions in the leaf primordia. However, the molecular mechanism of how herbivore-induced damage at older leaves remodels the pattern of trichome fate specification at newly forming leaves is large...

Polarization of light, and visual sensitivity to it, is pervasive across aquatic and terrestrial environments. Documentation of invertebrate use of polarized light is widespread from navigation and foraging to species recognition. However, studies demonstrating that polarization body patterning serves as a communication signal (e.g., with evidence of changes in receiver behavior) are rare among...

Cuttlefish are highly visual animals, a fact reflected in the large size of their eyes and visual-processing centers of their brain. Adults detect their prey visually, navigate using visual cues such as landmarks or the e-vector of polarized light and display intense visual patterns during mating and agonistic encounters. Although much is known about the visual system in adult cuttlefish, few s...

In a majority of species, leaf development is thought to proceed in a bilaterally symmetric fashion without systematic asymmetries. This is despite the left and right sides of an initiating primordium occupying niches that differ in their distance from sinks and sources of auxin. Here, we revisit an existing model of auxin transport sufficient to recreate spiral phyllotactic patterns and find p...

Abstract Polydopamine coating is a unique, simple, and substrate‐independent surface functionalization strategy. Techniques for secondary functionalization, patterning, re‐functionalization of polydopamine modified materials are important to broaden the scope applications such in variety fields. Here, facile strategy patterning presented. This approach combines advantages three methods: coating...

T-box genes encode transcriptional regulators that control many aspects of embryonic development. Here, we demonstrate that the mesodermally expressed zebrafish spadetail (spt)/VegT and no tail (ntl)/Brachyury T-box genes are semi-redundantly and cell-autonomously required for formation of all trunk and tail mesoderm. Despite the lack of posterior mesoderm in spt(-);ntl(-) embryos, dorsal-ventr...