Different extraction conditions were applied to investigate the effect of temperature, extraction time and substrate-extractant ratio on pectin extraction from cocoa husks. Pectin was extracted from cocoa husks using water, citric acid at pH 2.5 or 4.0, or hydrochloric acid at pH 2.5 or 4.0. Temperature, extraction time and substrate-extractant ratio affected the yields, uronic acid contents, d...

The composition of pomegranate peel, the main by-product during pomegranate processing, and some of the characteristics of the water-soluble pectins were investigated. Four tunisian pomegranate peels were subjected to hot aqueous extractions (86°C, 80min, 20mM nitric acid). Pomegranate peels yielded between 6.8% and 10.1% pectins. The extracted pectins were low methylated and were characterized...

Two natural homogalacturonan (HG) pectins (MW ca. 20 kDa) were isolated from green tea based on their immunomodulatory activity. The crude tea polysaccharides (TPS1 and TPS2) were obtained from green tea leaves by hot water extraction and followed by 40% and 70% ethanol precipitation, respectively. Two homogenous water soluble polysaccharides (TPS1-2a and TPS1-2b) were obtained from TPS1 after ...

Plant cell walls and their polymers are regulated during plant development, but the specific roles of their molecular components are still unclear, as well as the functional meaning of wall changes in different cell types and processes. In this work the in situ analysis of the distribution of different cell wall components was performed during two developmental programmes, gametophytic pollen d...

Cell walls of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) fruit, prepared so as to minimize residual hydrolytic activity and autolysis, exhibit increasing solubilization of pectins as ripening proceeds, and this process is not evident in fruit from transgenic plants with the antisense gene for polygalacturonase (PG). A comparison of activities of a number of possible cell wall hydrolases indicated t...

Aerenchyma formation in roots of maize ( Zea mays L.) involves programmed death of cortical cells that is promoted by exogenous ethylene (1 μ L L −1 ) or by endogenous ethylene produced in response to external oxygen shortage (3%, v/v). In this study, evidence that degeneration of the cell wall accompanies apoptotic-like changes previously observed in the cytoplasm and nucleus (Gunawardena et a...

1. The polysaccharide compositions of the cell walls of sycamore cambium and sycamore callus tissue have been analysed and found to be directly comparable. 2. Electrophoretic analyses of the whole pectins prepared from actively growing callus and cambial tissue have shown that these preparations contain, in addition to the neutral and weakly acidic components present in apple fruit, a strongly ...

Two Chinese jujube (Zizyphus jujuba) cultivars ('Huanghua' and 'Zhanhua') at unripe and ripe stages were investigated. During ripening, the weight, pH, hardness, and chewiness of both cultivars decreased while titratable acidity, total soluble solid content, and pectin contents increased. More than 75% pectins of the fruits were water-soluble pectin (WSP). Pectins shared the common major compos...

The polysaccharide-rich cell walls (CWs) of plants perform essential functions such as maintaining tensile strength and allowing plant growth. Using two- and three-dimensional magic-angle-spinning (MAS) solid-state NMR and uniformly (13)C-labeled Arabidopsis thaliana, we have assigned the resonances of the major polysaccharides in the intact and insoluble primary CW and determined the intermole...