in his discourses concerning perception of universals, mullā ṣadrā has brought up various issues. on one hand, he says that in sensory and imaginative perceptions, the soul (nafs) is the originator and creator of images and then with its substantial and ontogenetic motion it achieves its higher level of perception, i.e. rational perception, unites with the rational non-material substance named ...

the truth about divine names and the meanings of divine names and attributes have always been regarded as key issues in islamic theology and philosophy, and their surrounding debates have so far triggered controversial and challenging ideas. in this context, the difference of opinions between ibn sina as the head of the peripatetic school and mulla sadra as the founder of transcendental theosop...