The purpose of this work was to study the effect of various permeation enhancers on the permeation of salbutamol sulphate (SS) buccal patches through buccal mucosa in order to improve the bioavailability by avoiding the first pass metabolism in the liver and possibly in the gut wall and also achieve a better therapeutic effect. The influence of various permeation enhancers, such as dimethyl sul...

comnode classification within membrane residue curves (m-rcms) currently hinges on lyapunov’s theorem and therefore the computation of mathematically complex eigenvalues. this paper presents an alternative criterion for the classification of nodes within m-rcms based on the total membrane flux at node compositions. this paper demonstrates that for a system exhibiting simple permeation behaviour...

objective(s) in this study, a kind of ph sensitive composite membrane was prepared and drug permeation through it was investigated in terms of ph. rationale of this study originated from the fact that a ph change which may be a result of a disease state in the body can trigger drug release. materials and methods  here, a kind of ph sensitive composite membrane containing different nanoparticle ...

The oxygen permeation performance of Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3−δ (BSCF) mixed-conducting multichannel hollow fiber (MCMHF) membranes was improved by surface modification via spin-spraying of a La0.6Sr0.4CoO3−δ (LSC) porous layer. At 1173 K, the oxygen permeation flux of the modified membranes was clearly enhanced and reached 9.68 mL·cm−2·min−1, which is a remarkable high value in the field of mixe...

Abstract: The objective of this study was to fabricate topical formulations of diclofenac diethylamine (DD) using isopropyl myristate (IPM) and isopropyl palmitate (IPP) as permeation enhancers. Franz cell and bacterial cellulose were used as analytical instrument and diffusion membrane, respectively. Permeation enhancers exhibited significant effect on the permeation characteristics of DD. It ...

Tocopherol represents a big challenge for transdermal permeation owing to its extreme hydrophobicity and large molecular mass. The aim of the present study was to develop alpha-tocopherol (T) topical formulations and evaluate their ex vivo and in vivo permeation. Franz diffusion cells were used for ex vivo permeation, and neonatal rats were used for in vivo permeation. Seven gel formulations an...

Nicotine transdermal systems are being used as an aid to smoking cessation programs. As the kinetics of nicotine delivery is important in success of a smoking cessation program, rapid and high input of nicotine is required, which is not possible by passive methods and requires enhancement strategies such as iontophoresis. Iontophoretic permeation, of nicotine looks promising, based on published...

in this work a new resistance model has been presented based on that of henis-tripodi which can be used for interpretation of gas permeation data in composite and asymmetric membranes. in contrast to the previous works, in this model the fraction of the support layer surface that includes the pores filled with coating material has been taken into account. the influences of the filled pores on s...

The aim of this study was to improve the transdermal permeation of Diclofenac Soduim. Permeation studies were carried out in -vitro using Cellophane Membrane. Topical gel formulations of diclofenac sodium were prepared by using Carbopol 934, Carbopol 940, sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC), polymer as a gel-forming material that is biocompatible and biodegradable. The skin permeation enhance...

1. Abstract: The objective of this work was to develop suitable film formulations of ketorolac tromethamine (KT) for transdermal use and to investigate the effect of film composition and permeation enhancers on the in-vitro release and skin permeation of the drug. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC), and chitosan were used as film-forming polymers. The adhesive hydrop...