since the evidence for direct maritime trade between the sassanid empire and china is exiguous, it has often been asserted that there was no direct sea commerce between these two countries. scholars claim that there is nothing to prove direct chinese sailings to iran before islam and say that direct sea commerce between them was occurred during early islamic period. based on the historical, arc...

Arizona State University, which discovered the compound. The promise of these and other possible disease-fighting compounds beneath the ocean's surface emphasizes the importance of protecting biodiversity. Many environmental groups have turned their attention to oceans because human activities are harming the seas. Some of these activities include wetlands destruction, overfishing, discharge of...

Over the last few months a strong and steady expression of alarm about the humanitarian consequences of conflict in Iraq has come from the medical profession. 3 The latest report on the health impact of war in the Gulf has come from the WHO, and is a graphic illustration of the need for concern. Deterioration of public utilities, transport, and health infrastructures over the last twelve years ...

It is generally acknowledged that an integrated approach to teaching cardiovascular system (CVS) is clinically relevant. However, very little attention has been paid with respect to student perception of teaching CVS in an integrated problem-based curriculum. A questionnaire on the feedback and perception of medical students (n = 60) to their learning experience of CVS exposed early in the prob...

Symptoms and illnesses reported by veterans of the 1991 Gulf War era are a cause of potential concern for those military members who have deployed to the Gulf region in support of more recent contingency operations in Iraq and Afghanistan. In the present study, we quantified self-reported symptoms from participants in the Millennium Cohort Study, a prospective study representing all US service ...

Since the end of the 1991 Gulf War, there have been reports of unexplained, multisymptom illnesses afflicting veterans who consistently report more symptoms than do nondeployed veterans. One of the many possible exposures suspected of causing chronic multisymptom illnesses Gulf War veterans is squalene, thought to be present in anthrax vaccine. We examined the relationship between squalene anti...

At midnight on the 30th June, 1997 the sovereignty of Hong Kong was returned to the People’s Republic of China (PRC) from the United Kingdom. This event marked the end of 156 years’ of British colonial rule in Hong Kong and hence the end of the British imperial influence in East Asia. Over 8,000 journalists from around the world came to Hong Kong to cover the event, and for a brief moment Hong ...

Extensively used by US forces in Vietnam, the 1991 Gulf War, Kosovo and Afghanistan, and by Israel in the 1982 siege of West Beirut, cluster bombs have received severe condemnation from human rights and humanitarian organisations. There is consensus in the international community that these weapons are unacceptable and in breach of international humanitarian law, with many calling for a morator...

Extensively used by US forces in Vietnam, the 1991 Gulf War, Kosovo and Afghanistan, and by Israel in the 1982 siege of West Beirut, cluster bombs have received severe condemnation from human rights and humanitarian organisations. There is consensus in the international community that these weapons are unacceptable and in breach of international humanitarian law, with many calling for a morator...

B etween 1986 and 1998, the price of a barrel of West Texas Intermediate (WTI) oil remained quite stable, fluctuating between $16 and $42 (in constant 2011-U.S. dollars), with the exception of a brief spike in 1990 at the time of the first Gulf War. In December 1998, the barrel of WTI had reached a low point of $17. Almost 10 years later, in July 2008, the same barrel cost $134. By March 2009, ...