HPLC and gel permeation chromatographic (GPC) characterization of complex phenol-formaldehyde resins is described. Reversed-phase HPLC fingerprints the phenolic monomers, dimers and some oligomers. The molecular masses of these phenolic compounds were determined using an ion trap mass spectrometer. GPC analyzes tetrahydrofuran-soluble phenolic polymers beyond HPLC capability. The molecular mass...

Kaiwen Liang, Hossein Toghiani, and Charles U. Pittman Jr. Dave C. Swalm School of Chemical Engineering, Mississippi State University, MS 39762. Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, MS 39762. Carbon-carbon materials are traditionally designed for high temperature applications. Carbon-carbon materials are composites formed by impregnating continuous carbon fiber cloths or prefo...

Conventional carbon fiber reinforced phenolic resins are widely used to prepare carbon/carbon composites due to their high carbon yield. Property enhancement of carbon fabric/phenolic composites is possible through carbon nanomaterial dispersion in the matrix. The effect of carbon nanofiber dispersion in phenolic resins/carbon fabric composites was investigated. The dispersion efficiency in dif...

Lignin is readily available as a by-product from the pulp and paper industry. It is considered to be a promising substitute for phenol in phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin synthesis, given the increasing concerns of the shortage of fossil resources and the environmental impact from petroleum-based products. One hurdle that prevents the commercial utilization of lignin is its low reactivity due to ...

This study was aimed to study the probability about the production of fiberboard made of durian rind through latex with phenolic resin as binding agent. The durian rind underwent the boiling process with NaOH [7], [8] and then the fiber from durian rind was formed into fiberboard through heat press. This means that durian rind could be used as replacement for plywood in plywood industry by usin...

Wounding of fresh produce may elicit an increase in antioxidant capacity associated with wound-induced phenolic compounds. However, there have been no reports on the wounding response of different types of fresh produce. Changes in antioxidant capacity, total soluble phenolics, ascorbic acid, total carotenoids and total anthocyanins were evaluated after wounding in zucchini, white and red cabba...

Conifer stem pest resistance includes constitutive defenses that discourage invasion and inducible defenses, including phenolic and terpenoid resin synthesis. Recently, methyl jasmonate (MJ) was shown to induce conifer resin and phenolic defenses; however, it is not known if MJ is the direct effector or if there is a downstream signal. Exogenous applications of MJ, methyl salicylate, and ethyle...

in this study, the strain rate effect on the bending properties of fiber reinforced composites for three types of polymer composites namely phenolic resin reinforced by woven basalt fibers, woven carbon fibers, and woven basalt/ woven carbon fibers at a total volume fraction of approximately 35% has been determined. flexural tests have been conducted at low range of strain rates included 0.03 m...

In the earlier study about polymer network of phenolic and epoxies resins mixed with linseed oil, only Phencat 15 was used as the catalyst for the phenolic resin. In this study, Phencat 382 and UH (a urea hydrochloride solution based on a 1 : 1 mole ratio of urea : hydrochloric acid 32%) will be used as catalysts to study their effects on the polymer network of phenolic and epoxy resins mixed w...