Idiopathic Ketotic Hypoglycemia is the most common non-iatrogenic cause of hypoglycemia in children beyond infancy. It improves with age and is rare after puberty. Early morning hypoglycemia, responding promptly to glucose, is a typical presentation. Etiology of hypoglycemia is unclear; deficiency of gluconeogenic substrate (hypoalaninemia) has been widely proposed. Idiopathic Ketotic Hypoglyce...

Ketonuria has been observed in alcoholics. To study the mechanism of this effect, healthy, volunteers were given adequate diets (36% of calories as lipid and 15% as protein) for 18 days, with isocaloric replacement of carbohydrate (46% of calories) by either ethanol or additional fat. The latter resulted in a high fat diet, with 82% of calories as lipid. After about 1 wk of alcohol, massive and...

Pregnancy-induced nausea and vomiting (PINV) is a common problem at the early stages of pregnancy. Approximately, 50%–80% of pregnant women who are in their first trimester are affected, resulting in loss of work time and negative effects on social and family relationships (1). Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) affects approximately 2.5% of pregnant woman and is characterized by persistent vomiting, ...