All chemical compounds may undergo a variety of processes resulting from chemical, biological or photochemical reactions. Depending on the environmental compartment in which organic compounds are present (e.g. soil, benthic sediments, surface and ground waters), they can undergo slow changes resulting from different chemical, physical, biological or photochemical processes. The problem of inter...

A new perspective on how to manipulate molecules by means of very strong laser pulses is emerging with insights from the so-called light-induced potentials, which are the adiabatic potential energy surfaces of molecules severely distorted by the effect of the strong field. Different effects appear depending on how the laser frequency is tuned, to a certain electronic transition, creating light-...

We report the synthesis of altitudinal molecular motors that contain functional groups in their rotor part. In an approach to achieve dynamic control over the properties of solid surfaces, a hydrophobic perfluorobutyl chain and a relatively hydrophilic cyano group were introduced to the rotor part of the motors. Molecular motors were attached to quartz surfaces by using interfacial 1,3-dipolar ...

The APEX software predicts the photochemical transformation kinetics of xenobiotics in surface waters as a function of: photoreactivity parameters (direct photolysis quantum yield and second-order reaction rate constants with transient species, namely ˙OH, CO₃(-)˙, (1)O₂ and the triplet states of chromophoric dissolved organic matter, (3)CDOM*), water chemistry (nitrate, nitrite, bicarbonate, c...

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) dosimetric tools are crucial for treatment planning and noninvasive monitoring by means of fluorescence. Present approaches consider usually a 1D problem, a simple photochemical process, or a spatially homogeneous photosensitizer. In this work, a radially resolved superficial photosensitizer fluorescence and 3D photochemical time-dependent PDT model are presented. The...

In order to estimate vegetation photosynthesis from remote sensing observations; some critical parameters need to be quantified. From all absorbed light; the plant needs to release any excess that is not used for photosynthesis; by non-photochemical quenching; by fluorescence emission and unregulated thermal dissipation. Non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) processes are controlled photoprotective...

It is argued that photochemical processes, driven by ultraviolet starlight, could lead to large deuterium fractionation for H2O and CH4 relative to H2 in the primitive solar nebula. Implications for deuterium enrichment observed in planetary atmospheres are briefly discussed.