in recent decades, the city development and city settlement have been tremendous. this has caused unequal physical and spatial expansion. the 21st century is the century of the city and living in city and almost half of the world population live as citizen. a glance at forecasting the data and statistics in 1400 shows an estimation of 130 millions of population and the calculation of present ci...

geomorphology, in some cases, provides a good platform for physical development of cities. however, physical development of cities, sometimes result in unsuitable and hazardous geomorphologic process and form. therefore, geomorphology of the region is of importance in physical planning and urban development. in this study, based on historical trends of expanding the boundaries of the malekan ci...

natural climatic conditions in urban areas can be changed by human physical environment. climate as a natural system and city as a human system have close mutual connections. urban population growth and consequent increase in urban physical expansion may lead to intensification in human activities and disturbances in the environment. this contributes to alterations in solar radiation, balance o...

the authors examine the effects of government expenditure on economic growth in iran, using annual data for the period of 1973-2003. in this paper, they lookat the offects of human, physical capital, and government budget on gdp. in the model developed in this paper, accumulation of human capital is dependent on physical. human capital, and government budget as well. the result indicate that go...

the present paper investigates the effect of production factors, including technology, physical capital and labour on the energy consumption intensity of iran. for this purpose, time series data during the period of (1974-2007) have been analyzed within cobb–douglas production function framework. the results of the study indicate that the technology and the physical capital have caused the aver...