As important as the concept of homeostasis is to understanding physiology, the term may not convey the complexity of interactions which are actually involved in the many facets of regulation. Adolph (1) has recently reflected upon the integrative nature of the discipline by giving specific examples of the coordination involved in many body functions. Most of us acquire the integrative perspecti...

Benzene, an important industrial solvent, is also present in unleaded gasoline and cigarette smoke. The hematotoxic effects of benzene in humans are well documented and include aplastic anemia, pancytopenia, and acute myelogenous leukemia. However, the risks of leukemia at low exposure concentrations have not been established. A combination of metabolites (hydroquinone and phenol, for example) ...

In many medical domains a causal physiological model provides a knowledge base of relationships useful for reasoning about diagnosis, management, prognosis, and basic understanding of the processes. This paper reports on our e orts to develop algorithms for reasoning about the potential e ects of therapy in the context of a system designed to assist the physician in diagnosis and management of ...

Coarse grain simulation of proteins in their physiological membrane environment can offer insight across timescales, but requires a comprehensive force field. Parameters are explored for multicomponent bilayers composed of unsaturated lipids DOPC and DOPE, mixed-chain saturation POPC and POPE, and anionic lipids found in bacteria: POPG and cardiolipin. A nonbond representation obtained from mul...

A computational model of nervous activity in the auditory nerve, cochlear nucleus, and inferior colliculus is presented and evaluated in terms of its ability to simulate psychophysically-measured pitch perception. The model has a similar architecture to previous autocorrelation models except that the mathematical operations of autocorrelation are replaced by the combined action of thousands of ...

One of the fundamental issues to achieve a speech synthesizer using a physiological articulatory model is the implementation of coarticulation. This study focuses on the coarticulation occurred in the target planning stage, and proposes a “carrier model” to realize the coarticulation mechanism. Simulation results show that the carrier model demonstrates a good performance to account for the coa...