the objective of this research is to identify arabidopsis thaliana genes encoding acid phosphatases induced by phosphate starvation. multiple alignments of eukaryotic acid phosphatase amino acid sequences led to the classification of these proteins into four groups including purple acid phosphatases (paps). specific primers were degenerated and designed based on conserved sequences of paps isol...

Plants acquire phosphorus in the form of phosphate (Pi), the concentration of which is often limited for plant uptake. Plants have developed diverse responses to conserve and remobilize internal Pi and to enhance Pi acquisition to secure them against Pi deficiency. These responses are achieved by the coordination of an elaborate signaling network comprising local and systemic machineries. Recen...

Plants have evolved an array of responses that adapt their growth to conditions of limited phosphate (Pi) supply. These involve biochemical and developmental changes that improve Pi acquisition and recycling, and protect against the stress of Pi starvation. The induction of these responses requires a sophisticated regulatory system that integrates information on external and internal plant Pi s...

in this paper, at first we mention to some results related to pi and vertex co-pi indices and then we introduce the edge versions of co-pi indices. then, we obtain some properties about these new indices.

In this paper, a comparative study was carried out to evaluate the real-time performance of fuzzy proportional-integral plus fuzzy proportional-derivative (Fuzzy PI + Fuzzy PD) controller with the real-time performance of Conventional PI for a liquid-level process experiment. The process considered for this experiment shows highly nonlinear behavior due to equal percentage pneumatic control val...

Strigolactones (SLs) or SL-derived metabolite(s) have recently been shown to act as endogenous inhibitors of axillary bud outgrowth. SLs released from roots induce hyphal branching of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi that facilitate the uptake of inorganic nutrients, such as phosphate (Pi) and nitrate, by the host plants. Previous studies have shown that SL levels in root exudates are highly e...

Phosphate (Pi) is a common limiter of plant growth due to its low availability in most soils. Plants have evolved elaborate mechanisms for sensing Pi deficiency and for initiating adaptive responses to low Pi conditions. Pi signaling pathways are modulated by both local and long-distance, or systemic, sensing mechanisms. Local sensing of low Pi initiates major root developmental changes aimed a...

Arsenate interferes with enzymatic processes and inhibits inorganic phosphorus (Pi) uptake in many plants. This study examined the role of phytase and phosphatase in arsenate tolerance and phosphorus (P) acquisition in the arsenic hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata . Enzyme-mediated hydrolysis of phytate in P. vittata extracts was not inhibited by arsenate at 5 mM or by heating at 100 °C for 10 mi...

in this paper, we present some inequalities for the co-pi index involving the some topological indices, the number of vertices and edges, and the maximum degree. after that, we give a result for trees. in addition, we give some inequalities for the largest eigenvalue of the co-pi matrix of g.