BACKGROUND Lignin and hemicelluloses are the major components limiting enzyme infiltration into cell walls. Determination of the topochemical distribution of lignin and aromatics in sugar cane might provide important data on the recalcitrance of specific cells. We used cellular ultraviolet (UV) microspectrophotometry (UMSP) to topochemically detect lignin and hydroxycinnamic acids in individual...

The ability of waste banana pith to remove Congo red from aqueous solution was investigated. Various parameters such as initial dye concentration, contact time, adsorbent dosage and pH effect were studied. The adsorption rate constant was found to be 1 X 10. min'} at 50 mg I-I dye concentration. Above 92% removal was observed in the pH range 2-11. The removal of dye by banana pith is mostly due...

Stems of dicotyledonous plants consist of an outer epidermis, a cortex, a ring of secondarily thickened vascular bundles and interfascicular cells, and inner pith parenchyma cells with thin primary walls. It is unclear how the different cell layers attain and retain their identities. Here, we show that WRKY transcription factors are in part responsible for the parenchymatous nature of the pith ...

For some years, chimpanzees have been observed eating the pith of decaying palm trees of Raphia farinifera in the Budongo Forest, Uganda. The reasons for doing this have until now been unknown. An analysis of the pith for mineral content showed high levels of sodium to be present in the samples. By contrast, lower levels were found in bark of other tree species, and also in leaf and fruit sampl...

Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) root parenchyma and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) stem pith, both known to increase peroxidase activity after excision, differed from each other in their isoperoxidase patterns and in the isoperoxidase responses to injury and exogenous ethylene.In potato root sections, the injury-dependent peroxidase increase was due to an induction of two isoenzymes, as well as to ...

We performed a retrospective review of 281 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) treated with radiation therapy (RT) between 1998 and 2008 to develop a prognostic model for those patients. Of the 281 patients, PVTT and intrahepatic main masses completely disappeared in 10 patients (3.6%), and shown a partial response in 141 patients (50.2%). The median...

currently deficiency of raw materials and initiative resources caused an increasing need of cellulose industries to new lingo cellulose products and resources. kenaf as a fibrous plant is considered along with the other plant sources that their bast has suitable fiber. this experiment was carried out in split–plot form with 4 replication in order to evaluation effect of harvest time and genotyp...

Contents 1. Introduction 2. Animal self-medication and ethnomedicine 3. The impact of parasites on the evolution of self-medicative behavior 4. Food as medicine in animals and humans 5. Use of plants as medicine by chimpanzees in the wild 5.1. Whole leaf swallowing and the physical expulsion of parasite 5.2. Vernonia amygdalina and bitter pith chewing behavior 5.3. The ethnomedicine and phytoch...