background: reduced time and appropriate bond strength of brackets is one of the most important aspects of orthodontic treatments. prolonged halogen light curing for bonding of brackets is undesirable, so the purpose of this study was to compare the shear bond strength of brackets bonded with halogen light and plasma arc system. materials and mehods: this was an experimental in vitro study. a t...

This paper presents a new method for representing Light Propagation Volumes using an octree data structure, and for allowing light from regular point light sources to be injected into them. The resulting technique uses full octrees with the help of a separate data structure for representing the octree structure. The octree structure enables light propagation to be performed at a lower resolutio...

In this paper, a stochastic term is added to the classical generalized nonlinear Schrödinger Equation to describe the noise generated when light pulses propagate in a fiber. It has been shown that the generated supercontinuum light source fluctuates up to 50% of its output temporal intensity profile due to noises of different sources. The simulation method devised has been applied to the propag...

Dark is a generally known potent stimulus for melatonin secretion. Studies have also reported that pineal and hypophyseal endocrine secretions are influenced by nutritional factors. The study was designed to investigate the combined effect of selenium supplementations and light deprivation on pineal and hypophyseal secretions in female Wistar rats. 36 female cyclical Wistar rats were divided in...

Undulators as the sources of high-brilliance synchrotron radiation are widespread interest in new generations light and free-electron lasers. Microwave propagation a plasma-filled elliptical waveguide can be studied standard short-period undulator. This structure lucrative insertion device installed storage ring third- fourth-generation to produce high-energy radiation. In this article, transve...

A forward stimulated Raman scattering (FSRS) diagnostic was developed for the 60 beam Omega laser facility to investigate the propagation of an intense (∼8x10 W/cm), frequency doubled Nd:glass laser beam (≤360 J, 527 nm, 1 ns) through a mm-scale laser-produced plasma. Forward scattered light was measured with spectral, and temporal resolution using a streaked spectrometer and an absolutely cali...

We want to study thermal corrections on the speed of light at low temperature considering temperature dependence of photon vacuum polarization tensor at two-loop level in the standard QED‎. It is found that the heat bath behaves as a dispersive medium for the propagation of light and reduces its speed proportional to the second order of temperature‎. ‎Similarities and differences‎, ‎in light ...

The fundamental dispersion relation of transverse electro-magnetic waves in a cold collisionless plasma is formally equivalent to the two dimensional inertio-gravity rotating shallow water system, where Coriolis frequency can be identified with frequency, and gravity wave phase speed plays role light. Here we examine this formal equivalence governing linearised equations, compare between propag...