This paper establishes that when using a least squares criterion to estimate an output error type model structure, then the measurement noise induced variability of the frequency response estimate depends on the estimated (and hence also on the true) pole positions. This dependence on pole position is perhaps counter to prevailing wisdom that for any ‘shift invariant’ model structure, the varia...

This paper studies a method of shifting poles of linear constant systems via LQ optimal feedback. By making use of a solution to the so-called inverse regulator problem, this method enables us to shift poles successively by pairs while maintaining the well-known advantages of LQ regulators. Polynomial fractional representation is effectively used both to characterize the maximal pole-assignable...

Abstract: This paper establishes that when using a least squares criterion to estimate an output error type model structure, then the measurement noise induced variability of the frequency response estimate depends on the estimated (and hence also on the true) pole positions. This dependence on pole position is perhaps counter to prevailing wisdom that for any ‘shift invariant’ model structure,...

Paleomagnetic data from more than 250 samples of the lower part of the Waterberg Group (Nylstroom Subgroup) are reported in order to reevaluate the apparent polar wander path (APWP) of the Kaapvaal craton during the Paleoproterozoic Era. Our study broadly confirms the established APWP, but reveals some previously unidentified complexities in the time interval ~2.05 Ga to ~1.87 Ga. A primary rem...

A formulation of the fermion action is discussed which includes an explicit four momentum boost on the field prior to discretisation. This is used to shift the zero of lattice momentum to lie near one of the on-shell quark poles. The positive pole is selected if we wish to describe a valence quark, and negative pole for a valence antiquark. Like NRQCD, the typical lattice momenta involved in ha...

The rapidly increasing demand on power density levels of electric vehicle (EV) drive systems is pushing the boundaries traction motor performance. Hairpin windings are becoming a popular option for EV motors due to their reduced dc losses and improved heat dissipation capability when compared traditional random windings. In this article, comprehensive design approach hairpin winding layouts fir...

A method for producing a radar-reflectivity map of the polar regions of the Moon or a planet from polar orbit with only the frequency shift of the reflected signals is described and simulated. A Radon transform of the reflectivity is obtained during multiple passes over the pole. Inversion of this Radon transform enables a map of radar reflectivity to be synthesized.

The striking asymmetry of the ice cover during the Last Global Maximum suggests that the North Pole was in Greenland and then rapidly shifted to its present position in the Arctic See. A scenario which causes such a rapid geographic polar shift is physically possible. It involves an additional planet, which disappeared by evaporation within the Holocene. This is only possible within such a shor...

A selective compilation of paleomagnetic data from North America indicates that a vast amount rapid polar motion occurred in Late Jurassic time. The over 30° shift accumulated during relatively short time interval (~160–145 Ma) suggests an episode fast true wander (TPW) and was referred to as the “monster shift” by some workers. However, this TPW event is not supported on global scale. Here, we...

Using phase-contrast cinemicrography on living crane fly (Nephrotoma suturalis Loew and Nephrotoma ferruginea Fabricius) spermatocytes, we have studied the effects of a range of temperatures (6--30 degrees C) on the anaphase I chromosome-to-pole movements of both autosomes and sex chromosomes. In contrast to previous work we have been able to study chromosome-to-pole velocities of autosomes wit...