BACKGROUND Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) infection has high morbidity and mortality rate, especially in children under 5 years of age. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique is the most used method to detect antibodies against H. influenzae. Available commercial ELISA kits are expensive and not always readily available, particularly for epidemiological studies. OBJECTIVES T...

We evaluated alamarBlue as a metabolic indicator in a standardized assay for the measurement of serum bactericidal activity (SBA) to Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) using sera containing natural and vaccine-induced anticapsular (polyribosylribitol phosphate) antibodies. SBA assays with a colorimetric and a fluorometric end point in the presence of alamarBlue were developed and compared to a...

The plethora of newly discovered vaccines implies that, in the future, many vaccines will have to be administered simultaneously to infants. We examined the potential interference with the immune response of several coadministered vaccines containing the same protein component, namely, tetanus toxoid (TT). Infants simultaneously receiving a tetravalent pneumococcal vaccine conjugated to TT (Pnc...

haemophilus influenzae, a major cause of meningitis in young children leading to death and other neurological sequelae. the disease leaves 15 to 35% of the survivors with permanent disabilities, such as, mental retardation or deafness. despite the availability of new and more powerful antibiotics children with hib meningitis still suffer from high mortality or morbidity. the emergence of multir...

We evaluated antibody persistence in children up to 5 years after administration of a combined Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)-Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C (MenC)-tetanus toxoid (TT) conjugate vaccine coadministered with a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. This is the follow-up study of a randomized trial (ClinicalTrials.gov registration no. NCT00334334/00463437) in which healthy childr...

OBJECTIVES In 1998 the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended the inclusion of Haemophilus influenza type B (Hib) conjugate vaccines in infant immunization programs, whenever in accordance with national priorities. GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals has developed a new pentavalent combined diphtheria-tetanus-whole cell pertussis-hepatitis B/Hib (DTPw-HB/Hib) vaccine containing 5 microg of polyrib...

OBJECTIVES Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) infection remains a major public health problem in the developing world. We evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of a new PRP-CRM197 conjugate Hib vaccine (Vaxem Hib, Chiron Vaccines), compared with the HibTITER vaccine (Wyeth-Lederle Vaccines), following the World Health Organisation (WHO)'s accelerated schedule which allows 4-week intervals be...

BACKGROUND Protection against Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), a rapidly invading encapsulated bacteria, is dependent on maintenance of an adequate level of serum antibody through early childhood. In many countries, Hib vaccine booster doses have been implemented after infant immunization to sustain immunity. We investigated the long-term persistence of antibody and immunological memory in ...

BACKGROUND Diphtheria-tetanus-whole-cell pertussis (DTPw)-based combination vaccines are an attractive option to rapidly achieve high coverage and protection against other important pathogens, such as hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib). To ensure adequate antigen supply, GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals has introduced a new DTPw antigen source and developed a new DTPw-HB...

phosphorus solubilizing microorganisms are capable of transforming insoluble phosphorus (p) forms to soluble and bioavailable p. the aim of the present study was to isolate p solubilizing bacteria from forest soils around the rock phosphate (rp) mine of koh-e-sepidlar in kohgiluyeh and boyer ahmad province and evaluate their ability in sperber culture medium and wheat straw medium in the presen...