the purported mechanism underlying the development and progression of cervicogenic headache (ceh) is the convergence of sensory inputs at the trigeminocervical nucleus. this mechanism explains the radiation of pain from the neck or the occipitonuchal area and its spread to the oculo-fronto-temporal region; it also explains the recurrent headaches caused by improper neck postures or external pre...

post spinal puncture headache (psph) is a well known complication of spinal anesthesia. it occurs after spinal anesthesia induction due to dural and arachnoid puncture and has a significant effect on the patient’s postoperative well being. this manuscript is based on an observational study that runs on babol university of medical sciences and review of literatures about current concepts about t...

BACKGROUND Chronic headaches from head trauma and whiplash injury are well-known and common, but chronic headaches from other sorts of physical traumas are not recognized. METHODS Specific information was obtained from the medical records of 15 consecutive patients with chronic headaches related to physically injurious traumatic events that did not include either head trauma or whiplash injur...

The setting of the trauma is a distinguishing feature between mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI; also called concussion) that occurs in civilian settings compared with that occurring in combat. Combat mTBI is frequently associated with a prolonged stress reaction, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Individuals with mTBI and PTSD from combat in Operations Iraqi Freedom and Enduring Freedom o...