Since the inception of development economics in post-World War II period, most its proponents have prescribed adoption western institutions as path for prosperity; unequivocal...

For centuries economists have fervently sought to understand the forces behind economic progress. Smith (1776), Marx (1909), Marshall (1890), Young (1928), and Keynes (1936) all hotly pursued this topic. In the post-World War II period, economic theorists, development economists, macroeconomists, econometricians, economic historians, and growth economists have devoted considerable energy to thi...

Building upon the work of Cover (1992), a sizeable literature has developed in which the asymmetry of money supply shocks has been empirically investigated. The bulk of this work has focused on post-Word War II data. Accordingly, we study this question with U.S. data from both the interwar period and a near 40-year pre-World War I period. We find strong evidence in favor of monetary shock asymm...

BACKGROUND Only a few population-based studies on the epidemiology of post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSDs) are available to date. Most of the existing studies are from the U.S.A. Against the background of World War II, the extent and long-term effects of war-related traumatic experiences in the German elderly population are of special interest. Nevertheless, population-based data on this top...

Japanese life expectancy increased by about 13.7 years during the first decade after World War II, despite the country's post-war poverty. Although it is known that medical progress explains part of this increase, roles of non-medical factors have not been systematically studied. This study hypothesizes that non-medical factors, in addition to medical factors, are associated with the rapid incr...

Missile injuries of the kidney are rare even in wartime. Of 4500 patients admitted to the Ghaem Medical Center in the first two years of the Iran-Iraq war, only 96 had injuries of the genitourinary tract (2.1 %) and only 35 involved the kidney usually with multiple injuries to other viscera. The mortality for those with urogenital injuries was 8.3% (compared with World War I, 60% and World...