Aim: To assess the effectiveness of posterior sagittal anorectplasty for repair anorectal malformations in terms postoperative complications and functional outcomes. Study design: Descriptive prospective study. Place duration study: Sahiwal Teaching Hospital, Sahiwal. From 1st January 2016 to 31st December 2019. Methodology: Forty-two children with high/intermediate malformations, who underwent...

Background Saggital balance is an important factor in postural alignment that has been linked to back pain, dysfunction and quality of life. It is reportedly even more important than coronal curve values. The Scoliosis Research Society (SRS) has recently proposed saggital balance threshold values for evaluating saggital vertical axis (SVA) and lumbopelvic compensations as defined by pelvic inci...

Laparoscopic management in a case of congenital urethroanal fistula with a normal anterior urethra in a 5-month-old male child is reported. A congenital H-type urethroanal fistula is a rare entity. Management of such fistula has always been surgical, ranging from perineal dissection, posterior saggital approach, to abdomino-perineal approach. We describe a minimally invasive laparoscopic method...

The aim of this report is to present a technical detail of use in the management of an anorectal malformation (ARM). A boy with ARM and a fistula to the urethra was operated on with a posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSARP). Before the PSARP operation, a videoendoscopy was performed through the distal stoma down to the distal end of the rectum. The rectourethral fistula was identified and a g...

Background: In high anorectal malformations (ARM), surgical management includes initial colostomy at neonatal period followed by abdominoperineal posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSARP) without a protective colostomy. Aims and Objectives: The aims of this study were as follows: (i) To evaluate whether 2 stage PSARP gives better outcome for ARM than three (ii) to assess overall stay duration, ...

No completely reliable echocardiographic technique has been described for the separate identification of the aorta and main pulmonary artery in complete transposition of the great arteries. A mechanical wide-angle (60 degrees) sector scanner has been applied to this problem in 17 infants and young children, including 8 newborns before angiocardiography. In all patients a longitudinal scan (sagg...

A standard nomenclature for the axes and planes of vertebrate eyes There is a general problem in naming the axes and planes of vertebrate eyes. The problem arises from the fact that both the position of the head relative to the body and the position of eyes relative to the head show great variability in vertebrates. Thus the standard vertebrate axes (dorso-ventral, antero-posterior, and left–ri...