A prospective study of menstrual cycles and reproductive outcomes has been in progress since 1935. Data from this study are used to describe the risk of spontaneous abortion in two time periods 26 years apart. Out of the total of 3889 women who have enrolled in this study, two cohorts of women are selected for analysis: cohort one consists of 2070 university students who entered the study in 19...

The return of fertility for women who discontinue oral contraceptives takes longer as compared with women who discontinue other methods of contraception. It remains unclear, however, whether subsequent fertility differs according to duration or age at first use. The authors performed a nested case-control study within a cohort of 116,686 female registered nurses residing in 14 US states. Baseli...

This paper explores the relationships between maternal weight, height and poor pregnancy outcome using a data set from a case-control study of low birth weight (LBW) and perinatal mortality in Ahmedabad, India. Maternal height and weights were compared between mothers of 611 perinatal deaths, 644 preterm-LBW, and 1465 normal birth weight controls as well as 617 small-for-gestational age (SGA) a...

The study reported here classified 9,660 newborn infants delivered at a maternal and child health center in Mexico City by length of gestation, presence or absence of growth retardation, and (in the case of growth-retarded infants) proportionate or disproportionate growth retardation in terms of the infants' weight and length. It was found that preterm infants (delivered before 38 weeks of gest...

This article examines how neonatal and early childhood mortality varies according to the tetanus immunization of the mother. This study is based on the National Family Health Survey data. Findings showed that maternal tetanus immunization during pregnancy is recognized as almost sure protection against tetanus in the mother and the newborn child. Maternal tetanus immunization is viewed as a g...

417 patients in a single practice who were fitted with 562 IUDs over a 13-year period were surveyed prospectively. 389 1st time users of 5 principal IUD types were reviewed using a computer-derived life table analysis technique. In parous patients followed over a 10-year period, the Saf-T-Coil 33SX achieved significantly better overall results than any other type of device used. In nulliparo...

It has become a current social trend for women to delay childbearing. However, the quality of oocytes from older females is compromised and the pregnancy rate of older women is lower. With the increased rate of delayed childbearing, it is becoming more and more crucial to understand the mechanisms underlying the compromised quality of oocytes from older women, including mitochondrial dysfunctio...

BACKGROUND More widespread use of emergency contraception could help to reduce the number of unwanted pregnancies. AIM The objective of this study was to assess women's knowledge of emergency contraception. METHOD A questionnaire was distributed to 1290 women aged between 16 and 50 years attending 14 general practice surgeries in London over a two-week period in 1990. RESULTS The response...

PURPOSE This study examined ethnic differences in childhood and adolescent sexual abuse and the effect on teenage pregnancy rates. METHODS A 20-page questionnaire elicited information about women's sexual and pregnancy history, high-risk behaviors, and sexual abuse, based a modified version of the Koss and Oros Sexual Experiences Survey. Over 1,900 women between 18 and 22 years old were recru...

OBJECTIVE To determine the factors associated with participation in cervical cancer screening and follow-up treatment in the context of a randomized controlled trial. The trial was initiated to evaluate the efficacy and cost effectiveness of visual inspection with acetic acid, cytological screening and testing for human papillomavirus in reducing the incidence of and mortality from cervical can...