A GREAT deal has been written about the requirements of neurosurgical anaesthesia, but little about the use of controlled respiration for these cases. It appears, however, that the use of controlled respiration in neurosurgery has spread throughout various centres in Australia. It is intended here to describe a technique for neurosurgical anaesthesia using controlled positive and negative press...

BACKGROUND Although noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) for patients with acute decompensated heart failure was introduced almost 20 years ago, the variation in its use among hospitals remains unknown. We sought to define hospital practice patterns of NIPPV use for acute decompensated heart failure and their relationship with intubation and mortality. METHODS AND RESULTS We cond...

I T HAS been shown by many workers that positive pressure respiration may cause a fall in cardiac output, and work in this field has been the subject of several excellent reviews. 1 " 3 In intermittent positive pressure respiration , the fall in output has been proved to occur during the positive pressure phase in animals with both closed and open chest. 4 " 0 The mechanisms most commonly cited...

BACKGROUND Accurate blood pressure (BP) measurement depends on the reliability of oscillometric cuff pressure pulses (OscP) and Korotkoff sounds (KorS) for automated oscillometric and manual techniques. It has been widely accepted that respiration is one of the main factors affecting BP measurement. However, little is known about how respiration affects the signals from which BP measurement is ...

We created an algorithm to estimate the respiration signal, which consists of arterial blood pressure (ABP), and heart rate (HR) or RRI signals. Our goal is to create algorithmic models with which to estimate respiration by using signal processing and linear estimation. First, we created three algorithmic models: additive, amplitude modulation, and frequency modulation. Second, we used the outp...

It has been shown that total curarization and intermittent positive pressure respiration (IPPR) improves the prognosis of newborn babies suffering from tetanus (Wright, Sykes, Jackson, Mann, and Adams, 1961), but facilities for its use are not always available. The physician responsible for treating a patient may have to turn to simpler means such as tracheostomy. Some consider this essential (...

We have demonstrated previously that transfer function analysis can be used to precisely characterize the respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) in normal humans. To further investigate the role of the autonomic nervous system in RSA and to understand the complex links between respiratory activity and arterial pressure, we determined the transfer functions between respiration, heart rate (HR), and ...

Respiratory activity introduces oscillations both in arterial pressure and heart period, through mechanical and autonomic mechanisms. Respiration, arterial pressure, and heart period are, generally, non-stationary processes and the interactions between them are dynamic. In this study we present a methodology to robustly estimate the time course of cross spectral indices to characterize dynamic ...