An isothermal reactor in which reaction solutions can be controlled at constant temperature under constant microwave irradiation was developed. This is useful for investigating microwave effects on chemical reactions that are not observed under conventional heating conditions. We devised a structure in which a heat-transfer medium with a low dielectric loss factor, which hardly absorbs any micr...

Dimethyl ether reaction kinetics at high temperature were studied in two different flow reactors under highly dilute conditions. Pyrolysis of dimethyl ether was studied in a variable-pressure flow reactor at 2.5 atm and 1118 K. Studies were also conducted in an atmospheric pressure flow reactor at about 1085 K. These experiments included trace-oxygenassisted pyrolysis, as well as full oxidation...

A programme of examining hydride blisters created in the laboratory on zircaloy pressure tubes and that in the irradiated pressure tube from one of the PHWR , which was suspected to have developed hydride blisters, was undertaken using neutron radiography. It was observed that a zirconium hydride blister of nearly 0.35% of job thickness could be detected using neutron radiography. This work ser...

the performance of a γ-al 2 o 3 /n-decane nanofluid shell-and-tube heat exchanger in a biomass heating plant is analyzed to specify the optimum condition based on the maximum heat transfer rate and performance index for wide range of nanoparticle volume fraction (0–7%). compared with pure          n-decane, the obtained results in this research show that by using γ-al 2 o 3 /n-decane nanofluid ...

This paper reports on the preparation and characterization of thin films of silicon nitride deposited on heated silicon substrates from Si(CH, ),-NHS-H, mixtures activated at room temperature by an a-c. discharge at low frequency. The films were deposited at 800°C. Deposition rate as well as refractive index were measured and several parameters were systematically varied , including deposition ...

Semihydrogenation of 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol (MBY) was studied in a 5 m tube reactor wall-coated with a 5 wt % Pd/ZnO catalyst. The system allowed for the excellent selectivity towards the intermediate alkene of 97.8 ± 0.2% at an ambient H2 pressure and a MBY conversion below 90%. The maximum alkene yield reached 94.6% under solvent-free conditions and 96.0% in a 30 vol % MBY aqueous solution. Th...

We report on the development of a continuous flow process for the palladium catalysed methoxycarbonylation of aryl, heteroaromatic and vinyl iodides and an aryl bromide using a Teflon AF-2400 based Tube-in-Tube reactor to mediate the selective permeation of carbon monoxide into solution at elevated pressures. The low volume of pressurised gas within the reactor (5.6 mL) offers the potential for...

We describe the use of a continuous-flow clinical analyzer with an immobilized coupled-enzyme nylon tube reactor and an immobilized single-enzyme nylon tube reactor for routine estimation of lactate and pyruvate in serum. These reactors are incorporated into the flow system of a modified continuous-flow analyzer (Technicon AutoAnalyzer). Results for serum lactate and pyruvate by this method are...

Oxidative coupling of methane and dehydroaromatization are attractive one-step conversion routes to make valuable platform chemicals more sustainable. Both processes require elevated temperatures above 600°C, good heat management, the use heterogeneous catalysts. None these reactions yet commercial due many technical challenges. This work explores potential combining two under one umbrella over...

A novel continuous flow process for selective hydrogenation of α, β-unsaturated aldehyde (cinnamaldehyde, CAL) to the unsaturated alcohol (cinnamyl alcohol, COL) has been reported in a tube reactor coated with a Pt/SiO2 catalyst. A 90% selectivity towards the unsaturated alcohol was obtained at the aldehyde conversion of 98.8%. This is a six-fold improvement in the selectivity compared to a bat...