In the new restructured electricity power industry, a Generation Company (GENCO) with thermo-electric amenities faces the optimal problem of how to attain a maximum profit by considering the price uncertainties. In deregulated power markets, the maximization of profit is different from the minimization of cost because generation companies no longer have the obligation to serve the whole demand....

In this paper an application of a combined method for the profit based unit commitment problem (PBUC) using Genetic Algorithm and Lagrangian Relaxation (LR) is presented. The algorithm is proposed to solve PBUC under deregulated environment with the objective of maximizing GENCO’s profit and minimizing the operating cost. The problem formulation of the unit commitment takes into consideration t...

Wind generation with an uncertain nature poses many challenges in grid integration and secure operation of power system. One of these operation problems is the unit commitment. Demand Response (DR) can be defined as the changes in electric usage by end-use customers from their normal consumption patterns in response to the changes in the price of electricity over time. Further, DR can be also d...

Regarding the advances in technology and anxieties around high and growing prices of fossil fuels, government incentives increase to produce cleaner and sustainable energy through distributed generations. This makes trends in the using microgrids which consist of electric demands and different distributed generations and energy storage systems. The optimum operation of microgrids with consideri...

Optimization of the power system plays a major role in power system planning. Unit Commitment and Economic Dispatching are the most important part of every plant-planning project. Unit Commitment is the problem that searches the economical way for power generation, when the power consumption and altered constraints of the power plants are considered. Recently, the attention of the environmental...

We conducted preference assessments with 4 typically developing children to identify potential reinforcers and assessed the reinforcing efficacy of those stimuli. Next, we tested two predictions of economic theory: that overall consumption (reinforcers obtained) would decrease as the unit price (response requirement per reinforcer) increased and that the cost and benefit components that defined...

This paper presents a binary PSO based solution technique for power system unit commitment. The intelligent generation of initial population and the repairing mechanism ensure feasible solution that satisfies the spinning reserve and unit minimum up/down constraints. The algorithm adoptively adjusts the inertia weight and the acceleration coefficients in order to enhance the search process and ...

This paper outlines the fundamental features of the PJM day-ahead energy market and real-time energy market. The Day-ahead market is based on a voluntary least-cost security constrained unit commitment and dispatch with several fundamental design features that ensure the market is robust and competitive. This market offers market participants the option to lock in energy and transportation char...